Cardiac & Resp. - ABGs

Question 1

pH

Answer 1

7.35-7.45

Question 2

acidotic

Answer 2

pH below 7.35

Question 3

alkolotic

Answer 3

Ph above 7.45

Question 4

PaCO2

Answer 4

35-45 mm Hg

Question 5

HCO3

Answer 5

22-26 mm Hg

Question 6

PaO2

Answer 6

80-100 mm Hg

Question 7

respiratory

Answer 7

• acidotic and PaCO2 is above normal

- alkolotic and PaCO2 is below normal

Question 8

metabolic

Answer 8

• acidotic and PaCO2 is normal or below

- alkolotic and PaCO2 is normal of above

Question 9

respiratory alkalosis - symptoms

Answer 9

tingling of extremities, confusion, deep & rapid breathing and seizures

Question 10

respiratory alkalosis - causes

Answer 10

• hyperventilation, anxiety, hypoxia, pregnancy and high altitudes

Question 11

metabolic alkalosis - symptoms

Answer 11

• nausea & vomiting, diarrhea, restlessness, slow respirations, arrhythmias

Question 12

metabolic alkalosis - causes

Answer 12

• GI symptoms, loss of gastric juices, overuse of antacids, potassium wasting diuretics

Question 13

metabolic acidosis - symptoms

Answer 13

• disorientation, Kussmaul respirations, muscle twitching and changes in LOC

Question 14

metabolic acidosis - causes

Answer 14

• diabetes, shock, sepsis, salicylate overdose, renal failure

Question 15

respiratory acidosis - symptoms

Answer 15

• rapid & shallow respirations, dyspnea, disorientation, muscle weakness

Question 16

respiratory acidosis - causes

Answer 16

• COPD, hypoventilation, drug overdose, pulmonary edema, chest trauma, neuromuscular disease

Question 17

respiratory acidosis

Answer 17

• hypoventilation where not enough CO2 is being blown off

- kidneys try to compensate by retaining bicarbs thus elevating the HCO3

Question 18

metabolic acidosis

Answer 18

• imbalance of the body’s acids and bases except CO2
• loss of base or and excess of acids is caused by diabetic ketoacidosis, diarrhea or renal failure
• respiratory system tries to compensate by increase rate and depth to try and blow off CO2 to reduce acid

Question 19

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 19

• hyperventilation where too much CO2 is blown off
• can be from anxiety, fear, fever or improper vent mgmt.
• body tries to compensate by allowing the kidneys to excrete increased bicarbs

Question 20

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 20

• imbalance of the body’s acids and bases except CO2
• loss of acid or gain of base occurs from Na bicarb ingestion, vomiting, or NG suction
• lungs try to compensate by decreasing respiratory effort to conserve CO2