Cardiac & Resp. - Drugs

Question 1

Nasal Decongestant - function

Answer 1

• reduces swelling of mucous membranes and relieves congestion
• release norepinephrine which causes vasoconstriction and shrinking of mucous and nasal drainage
• treats rhinitis, coryza and sinusitis

Question 2

Nasal Decongestant - contraindications

Answer 2

• hypertension
• glaucoma
• prostrate disease
• cardiac disease

Question 3

Nasal Decongestant - side effects

Answer 3

nervousness, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, palpitations, urinary retention, and hypertension

Question 4

Nasal Decongestant - elderly considerations

Answer 4

use cautiously in those with hypertension, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease and BPH

Question 5

Nasal Decongestant - examples

Answer 5

Afrin, Neo-Synephrine-Sudafed

Question 6

Antihistamine - function

Answer 6

• prevents the release of histamine

- relieve sneezing, rhinorrhea and nasal itching associated with allergic rhinitis

Question 7

Antihistamine - contraindications

Answer 7

narrow angle glaucoma, BPH and pregnancy

Question 8

Antihistamine - side effects

Answer 8

• drowsiness, nausea, dry mouth, tinnitus and CNS depression

- anxiety and agitation especially in children

Question 9

Antihistamine - examples

Answer 9

chlor-trimeton, tavist, Benadryl, zyrtec, vitaril, hismanil, allegra and claritan

Question 10

Antitussives - function

Answer 10

• suppress cough with 2 major groups - opiods & nonopiods

- decreasing the cough responses in the medulla

Question 11

Antitussives - contraindications

Answer 11

do not mix with barbituates

Question 12

Antitussives - side effects

Answer 12

change in pulse either increase or decrease, hypotension, lethargy and stupor

Question 13

Antitussives - treats

Answer 13

• decrease the frequency & intensity of coughing

Question 14

Antitussives - examples

Answer 14

• opioids: codeine, Robitussin with codeine, morphine sulfate
• nonopiods: Tessalon Perles, Benylin, Robitussin DM

Question 15

Expectorants - function

Answer 15

• stimulates the flow of secretions
• makes secretions more liquid and easier to expectorate
• make cough more productive

Question 16

Expectorants - examples

Answer 16

• plain Robitussin and Novahistine

Question 17

Mucolytics - function

Answer 17

reacts with mucous to make it more water and easily expectorated

Question 18

Mucolytics - examples

Answer 18

NaCl solution and Mucomyst

Question 19

Mucolytics - administration

Answer 19

inhalation only

Question 20

Mucolytics - Tylenol overdose

Answer 20

DR may order it and have patient DRINK it

Question 21

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - examples

Answer 21

Terbutalin, Albuterol, Serecent, Brethine and Epi

Question 22

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - function

Answer 22

relax bronchial smooth muscle and produces bronchial dilation

Question 23

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - administration

Answer 23

• metered dose inhaler or nebs for quick relief

- orally for long term therapy or IV and SQ

Question 24

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - side effects

Answer 24

tremor, angina, cardiac changes

Question 25

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - contraindications

Answer 25

- people on Inderal | - Inderal can inhibit the effect of this med

Question 26

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - teaching

Answer 26

- wait one minute at least between puffs of inhaler - don't exceed dose - do oral cares - clean device

Question 27

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - methylxanthines-theophyline - function

Answer 27

- relax smooth muscle | - long and short term control

Question 28

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - methylxanthines-theophyline - blood level

Answer 28

- less than 20 mg - 20 - 25 mg will cause nausea, emesis, diarrhea, insomnia and restlessness - greater than 30 mg - sever cardiac changes, seizures and eath

Question 29

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - methylxanthines-theophyline - tobacco & phenobarbital

Answer 29

decreases level of this medicine

Question 30

Bronchodilators - B2 Adrenergic Agonists - methylxanthines-theophyline - teaching

Answer 30

- do not break, crush, or chew enteric or time released products - avoid caffeine

Question 31

corticosteroids - function

Answer 31

- suppress inflammation, decrease mucous secretion, decrease airway edema - used to treat acute and chronic conditions

Question 32

corticosteroids - contraindication

Answer 32

- peptic ulcers disease, inflammatory bowel disease, hypertension and CHF

Question 33

corticosteroids - examples

Answer 33

- inhaled: Beclovent, Vanceril, Aerobid, Azamcort - oral: Prednisone-Medrol Dose Pak - IV: Solu Methol