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Nuffield > Diabetes And Hyperlipidemia > Flashcards

Diabetes And Hyperlipidemia Flashcards

1
Q

T2DM complications

A

Macrovascular: CAD, Stroke, Peripheral artery disease, Diabetic Neuropathy, and Limb amputation/infection

Microvascular: Nephropathy and Retinopathy

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2
Q

Types of Diabetes

A 
Type 1
Type 1.5
Type 2
Gestational 
Diabetes insipidus (not true diabetes)
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3
Q

Symptoms of T2DM

A
  • Frequent urination
  • Constant thirst
  • Tiredness
  • Itching
  • sudden weight changes
  • Thrush
  • Blurred Vision
  • Longer healing time for cuts and sores
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4
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors of T2DM

A
  • Age
  • Ethnicity
  • Family History
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5
Q

Modifiable risk factors of T2DM

A
  • Body composition
  • Diet Quality
  • Smoking
  • Activity
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6
Q

Lifestyle interventions for blood glucose control

A
  • Glycaemic index/load
  • Additional nutrients (cinnamon, Brewer’s yeast, chromium, oats)
  • ACSM exercise guidelines
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7
Q

Test to assess individuals risk in next 10 years?

A

Q - Diabetes

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8
Q

Hba1c testing

A
  • Glycated haemoglobin.

- Redblood cell renewal 8-12 weeks

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9
Q

Dislipidemia definition

A

Abnormal concentrations of serum lipoproteins

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10
Q

HDL summary

A
  • Anti-Atherogenic
  • Involved in the reverse cholesterol transport
  • Needed for steroid hormone production
  • Decreases inflammation and coagulation
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11
Q

LDL Summary

A
  • Pro-atherogenic
  • Development of CAD
    Several types
  • Pattern A (large) and Pattern B (small)
  • Delivery of cholesterol to tissue
  • plays a role in endothelial injury
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12
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors for Hyperlipidemia

A
  • Gender
  • Age
  • Genetics
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13
Q

Modifiable Risk factors of Hyperlipidemia

A
  • Body composition
  • Diet quality
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol
  • Activity
  • Health conditions
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14
Q

Lifestyle interventions for cholesterol

A

1- Increase fibre intake

2- Increase Phytoserols

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15
Q

Dietary Fibre sources

A
  • Rolled oats
  • Oat cakes
  • Vegetables
  • Apples
  • Bananas
  • Beans
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16
Q

Dietary sources of Phytoserols

A
  • Olive oil
  • Peanuts
  • Almonds
  • Rye Bread
  • Brussel Sprouts
  • Macadamia nuts
17
Q

increasing HDL?

A

omega 3 sources: Herring, Mackerel, Salmon, Fresh Tuna, Flax and hemp seeds, Flax seed oil

18
Q

Overall lifestyle interventions for cholesterol

A 
1- Fibre
2- Phytoserols
3- Increasing HDL through Omega 3
4- SMoking
5- Alcohol
6- PA

Nuffield (18 decks)

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