Diabetes

Question 1

What is hyperglycaemia due to in type 1 diabetes?

Answer 1

Less glucose uptake due to lack of insulin; increased glycogenlysis and gluconeogenesis because of high [glucagon]; increase in proteolysis

Question 2

What is ketosis due to type 1 diabetes?

Answer 2

Increases TAG–> FA + glycerol

Increased FA–> KBs

Question 3

What is diabetes 2 caused by??

Answer 3

Insulin resistance; low # of insulin receptors in appropriate cells; distinction beta cells of pancreas–don’t secrete enough insulin, or become exhausted from secreting so much; during development of the disease, amyloid fibrils are deposited on pancreatic cells killing islet cells, so insulin secretion decreases

Question 4

What are the clinical characteristics of diabetes?

Answer 4

Polyuria (frequent urination); polydipsia (excessive thirst); polyphagia (excessive hunger)

Question 5

What is hyper glycemia caused by in type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

Decreases glucose uptake; increases gluconeogenesis; decreased utilization of glucose;

Question 6

What is hypertriglyceridemia due to in type 2 diabetes?

Answer 6

Increased conversion of liver FA TO VLDL

Increased dietary TAG–> chylimicron