Diabetes

Question 1

what is diabetes

Answer 1

a metabolic disorder caused by the inability to control blood glucose concentration due to the lack of insulin or a loss of responsiveness to it

Question 2

characteristics of type 1 diabetes

Answer 2

1. insulin dependent
2. bodys inability to produce insulin
3. begins in childhood
4. response of an autoimmune response where the body immune system attacks the beta cells of the islet of Langerhans
5. develops quickly and its signs and symptoms are obvious

Question 3

charctersitics of type 2 diabetes

Answer 3

1. insulin independent
2. glycoprotein receptors lose their receptiveness to insulin or inadequate supply of insulin from the pancreas
3. develops in people over 40 years
4. obesity and a poor diet can lead to diabetes in adolescents
5. develops slowly and its signs and symptoms are less severe
6. 90% of people with obesity have type 2

Question 4

how is type 1 controlled

Answer 4

• injections of insulin which cannot be taken by mouth as it is a protein which would be digested in the alimentary canal
• dosage of insulin must be matched to glucose intake
• if a person takes too much insulin it can lead to low blood glucose concentration that can result in unconsciousness
• blood glucose concentration is monitored using biosensors

Question 5

how is type 2 diabetes controlled

Answer 5

• regulating the intake of carbohydrates on diet and matching this to exercise taken
• may be supplemented by insulin injections or by drugs that stimulate insulin production
• other drugs can slow down the rate at which the body absorbs glucose from the intestine