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Pharmocology > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

Metformin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Glucophage
* Available in many combo products with other diabetes meds
* May cause lactic acidosis, diarrhes, and N/V
* High-alert med
* Patients with kidney disease should use with caution
* Should be taken with a meal

Diabetes; Biguanides

Oral liquid, solid

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2
Q

Glimepiride

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Amaryl
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain
* Avoid use in patients with a severe sulfa allergy and/or kidney disease

Diabetes; Sulfonylureas

Oral solid

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3
Q

Glipizide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Glucotrol
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain
* Avoid use in patients with a severe sulfa allergy and/or kidney disease

Diabetes; Sulfonylureas

Oral solid

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4
Q

Glyburide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Diabeta
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain
* Avoid use in patients with a severe sulfa allergy and/or kidney disease

Diabetes; Sulfonylureas

Oral solid

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5
Q

Alogliptin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Nesina
* Can interact with clarithromycin and ketoconazole

Diabetes; DPP-4 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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6
Q

Linagliptin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Tradjenta
* Can interact with clarithromycin and ketoconazole

Diabetes; DPP-4 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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7
Q

Saxagliptin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Onglyza
* Can interact with clarithromycin and ketoconazole

Diabetes; DPP-4 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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8
Q

Sitagliptin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Januvia
* Can interact with clarithromycin and ketoconazole

Diabetes; DPP-4 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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9
Q

Nateglinide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Starlix
* May cause hypoglycemia
* Take 30 minutes before a meal

Diabetes; Meglitinides

Oral solid

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10
Q

Repaglinide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Prandin
* May cause hypoglycemia
* Take 30 minutes before a meal

Diabetes; Meglitinides

Oral solid

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11
Q

Canaglifozin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Invokana
* May cause UTIs
* Take before the first meal of the day

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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12
Q

Dapagliflozin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Farxiga
* May cause excessive urination

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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13
Q

Empagliflozin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Jardiance
* May cause excessive urination
* Take in the morning

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitors

Oral solid

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14
Q

Pioglitazone

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Actos
* Avoid in patients with heart failure
* Beers med
* May cause hypoglycemia, swelling, and weight gain

Diabetes; Thiazolidinediones

Oral solid

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15
Q

Dulaglutide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Trulicity
* May cause nausea and weight loss

Diabetes; GLP-1 Agonist

Injectable

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16
Q

Exenatide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Byetta/Bydureon (EX)
* May cause nausea and weight loss

Diabetes; GLP-1 Agonist

Injectable

17
Q

Liraglutide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Victoza/Saxenda
* May cause nausea and weight loss

Diabetes, weight loss; GLP-1 Agonist

Injectable

18
Q

Lixisenatide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Adlyxin
* May cause nausea and weight loss

Diabetes; GLP-1 Agonist

Injectable

19
Q

Semaglutide

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Ozempic/Wegovy
* Oral version should be taken 30 min before food/beverage
* May cause weight loss

Diabetes, weight loss; GLP-1 Agonist

Injectable, oral solid

20
Q

Insulin aspart

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Novolog
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Rapid-Acting Insulins

Injectable

21
Q

Insulin lispro

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Humalog
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Rapid-Acting Insulins

Injectable

22
Q

Insulin gluisine

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Apidra
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Rapid-Acting Insulins

Injectable

23
Q

Insulin regular

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Humulin R/Novolin R
* Beers and high-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain
* The U-500 strength requires a special U-500 insulin syringe

Diabetes; Short-Acting Insulins

Injectable

24
Q

Insulin NPH

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Humulin N/Novolin N
* High-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Intermediate-Acting Insulins

Injectable

25
Q

Insulin degludec

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Tresiba
* High-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Long-Acting Insulins

Injectable

26
Q

Insulin detemir

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Levemir
* High-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Long-Acting Insulins

Injectable

27
Q

Insulin glargine

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Lantus
* High-alert med
* May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain

Diabetes; Long-Acting Insulins

Injectable

28
Q

Canagliflozin/metformin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Invokamet
* Same special considerations as individual meds

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitor/Biguanide

Oral solid

29
Q

Dapagliflozin/metformin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Xigduo XR
* Same special considerations as individual meds

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitor/Biguanide

Oral solid

30
Q

Empagliflozin/linagliptin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Glyxambi
* Same special considerations as individual meds

Diabetes; SGLT2 Inhibitor/DPP-4 Inhibitor

Oral solid

31
Q

Sitagliptin/metformin

Indications? Drug Class?

Dosage Forms?

A

Janumet
* Same special considerations as individual meds

Diabetes; DPP-4 Inhibitor/Biguanide

Oral solid

Pharmocology (37 decks)

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