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Pharmocology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Amoxicillin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Amoxil
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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2
Q

Ampicillin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Principen
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy
* Interacts with aminoglycosides (gentamicin, etc)
* Patients should take oral form on an empty stomach

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable

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3
Q

Dicloxacillin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Dynapen
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy
* Patients should take on an empty stomach

Bacterial infections

Oral solid

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4
Q

Nafcillin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Nallpen
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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5
Q

Penicillin G

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Pfizerpen
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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6
Q

Penicillin V

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Pen VK
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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7
Q

Cefaclor

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Ceclor
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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8
Q

Cefazolin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Ancef
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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9
Q

Cefdinir

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Omnicef
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy
* Seperate from products that contain aluminum, magnesium, or iron by at least 2 hours

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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10
Q

Cefapime

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Maxipime
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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11
Q

Cefprozil

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Cefzil
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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12
Q

Ceftazidime

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Fortaz
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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13
Q

Ceftriaxone

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Rocephin
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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14
Q

Cefuroxime

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Ceftin
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable

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15
Q

Cephalexin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Keflex
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

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16
Q

Ertapenem

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Invanz
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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17
Q

Meropenem

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Merrem
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

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18
Q

Aztreonam

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Azactam
* Use with caution in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable, inhalation

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19
Q

Azithromycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Zithromax
* Seperate oral form from antacids containing aluminum or magnesium by at least 2 hours

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable, ophthalmic

20
Q

Clarithromycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Biaxin
* May cause abnormal taste
* Interacts with many meds (digoxin, lovastatin, etc)

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

21
Q

Erythromycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Erythrocin
* Interacts with many meds (digoxin, lovastatin, etc)

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable, ophthalmic, topical

22
Q

Doxycycline

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Vibramycin
* Avoid in children under 8 years old and during pregnancy
* May cause photosensitivity, stunted bone growth in children, and yellow/brown tooth discoloration
* Should be taken on an empty stomach when applicable
* Seperate from products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2-3 hours

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, liquid, injectable

23
Q

Minocycline

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Minocin
* Avoid in children under 8 years old and during pregnancy
* May cause photosensitivity, stunted bone growth in children, and yellow/brown tooth discoloration
* Should be taken on an empty stomach when applicable
* Seperate from products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2-3 hours

Bacterial infections

Injectable, oral solid, topical

24
Q

Tetracycline

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Sumycin
* Avoid in children under 8 years old and during pregnancy
* May cause photosensitivity, stunted bone growth in children, and yellow/brown tooth discoloration
* Should be taken on an empty stomach when applicable
* Seperate from products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2-3 hours

Bacterial infections

Oral solid

25
Q

Amikacin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Amikin
* May cause ear/kidney toxicity
* BUN, SCr, and drug levels will be monitored

Bacterial infections

Injectable

26
Q

Gentamicin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Garamycin
* May cause ear/kidney toxicity with injectable form
* BUN, SCr, and drug levels will be monitored with injectable form

Bacterial infections

Injectable, ophthalmic, topical

27
Q

Tobramycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Tobrex
* May cause ear/kidney toxicity with injectable form
* BUN, SCr, and drug levels will be monitored with injectable form

Bacterial infections

Injectable, ophthalmic, topical, inhalation

28
Q

Ciprofloxacin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Cipro
* May cause an increased risk of tendon issues, photosensitivity, and taste disturbances
* Seperate oral forms from dairy and products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2-6 hours

Bacterial infections

Injectable, ophthalmic, oral powder (suspension), oral solid, otic

29
Q

Levofloxacin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Levaquin
* May cause an increased risk of tendon issues, photosensitivity, and taste disturbances
* Seperate oral forms from dairy and products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2 hours

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, liquid, injectable

30
Q

Moxifloxacin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Avelox
* May cause an increased risk of tendon issues, photosensitivity, and taste disturbances
* Seperate oral forms from dairy and products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 4 hours before and 8 hours after

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable

31
Q

Ofloxacin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Ocuflox
* May cause an increased risk of tendon issues, photosensitivity, and taste disturbances
* Seperate oral forms from dairy and products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron by at least 2 hours

Bacterial infections

Ophthalmic, oral solid, otic

32
Q

Linezolid

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Zyvox
* Interacts with MAOIs, serotonergic drugs (fluoxetine, tramadol, etc), and tyramine-containing foods (chocolate, red wine, aged cheese, etc)

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable

33
Q

Vancomycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Vancocin
* May cause kidney toxicity and “red-man syndrome” with injectable form
* BUN and SCr levels will be monitored

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable

34
Q

Clindamycin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Cleocin
* Can cause Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid, injectable, topical, vaginal

35
Q

Metronidazole

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Flagyl
* Can cause metallic taste in mouth
* Disulfiram-like reaction can occur with alcohol-containing products

Bacterial infections

Topical, vaginal, oral solid, injectable

36
Q

Nitrofurantoin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Macrobid
* May cause dark yellow or brown urine

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

37
Q

Rifampin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Rifadin
* Can cause discoloration of bodily fluids
* Interacts with many meds (amiodarone, ritonavir, etc)

Bacterial infections

Oral solid, injectable

38
Q

Mupirocin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Bactroban
* Cream dosage form is not approved for nasal use

Bacterial infections

Topical

39
Q

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Augmentin
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy
* Has a higher incidence of diarrhea due to clavulanate
* Should be taken with food

Bacterial infections

Oral powder (suspension), oral solid

40
Q

Ampicillin/sulbactam

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Unasyn
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy
* BUN and SCr will be monitored (with prolonged therapy)

Bacterial infections

Injectable

41
Q

Imipenem/cilastatin

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Primaxin
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

42
Q

Neomycin sulfate/polymyxin B/bacitracin zinc

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Neosporin
* Avoid in patients with an aminoglycoside and/or polpeptide allergy

Bacterial infections

Ophthalmic, topical

43
Q

Piperacillin/tazobactam

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Zosyn
* Avoid in patients with a true penicillin allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable

44
Q

Tobramycin/dexamethasone

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

TobraDex
* Avoid in patients with an aminoglycoside allergy

Bacterial infections

Ophthalmic

45
Q

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Indications?

Dosage Forms?

A

Bactrim
* Avoid in patients with a sulfa allergy

Bacterial infections

Injectable, oral liquid, solid

Pharmocology (37 decks)

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