Diabetes

Question 1

What is the incretin effect?

Answer 1

The phenomenon whereby oral glucose intake elicits a higher insulin response compared to intravenously introduced glucose that produces the same levels of serum glucose levels.

Question 2

What increases and inhibits insulin?

Answer 2

Glucose

Cortisol (low glucose)

Question 3

3 factors of T1DM

Answer 3

6

Question 4

What values must fasting plasma glucose / random plasma glucose / HbA1c be at to constitute hyperglycemia?

Answer 4

6

Question 5

Triad for DKA?

Answer 5

8

Question 6

What criteria must be reached to confirm DKA?

Answer 6

8

Question 7

How is insulin administered in an emergency?

Answer 7

IVI

Question 8

How can insulin absorbtion be slowed down?

Answer 8

11

Question 9

What is lipodystrophy and why may it arise?

Answer 9

Body is unable to produce and maintain healthy fat tissue

Not rotating injection site for insulin

Question 10

What is basal-bolus dosing?

Answer 10

Attempt of insulin mimicing normal physiology

Question 11

Why do extended release tablets need to be swallowed whole?

Answer 11

29

Question 12

Metformin

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 12

21

Question 13

Gliclazide

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 13

22

Question 14

Pioglitazone/ Rosiglitazone

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 14

23

Question 15

Dapagliflozin / Canagliflozin

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 15

24

Question 16

Sitagliptin / Saxagliptin

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 16

26

Question 17

Exenatide / Liraglutide

• class
• used for
• MoA
• adr
• ddi

Answer 17

27

Question 18

Physiological affects of GLP-1

Answer 18

25