dezvoltare atipica Flashcards
What is atypical development?
Development that deviates from what we’d typically expect at a certain age.
What are developmental disorders?
Genetic disorders - down syndrome
Behavioural deficits - autism
Disorders from environmental factors - institutionalisation
What is autism?
A developmental condition affecting social development and communication.
1 in 100 children in the UK
What is the diagnostic criteria for ASD?
Impairments in social interaction
Impairments in communication
Repetitive behaviour within a narrow set of interests
How can we study autism?
Autism is heritable so we can study the younger siblings of children with autism.
About 20% of these infants go on to develop autism themselves.
What are the “Social First” theories?
Children who later develop autism have reduced social attention.
Repetitive behaviours are a compensatory response for difficulty processing the social world.
What was it found about infants who later develop autism? to dissprove social first theories
They do not show reduced attention to faces.
Infants who later develop autism actually look slightly more at faces.
Face preference and reduced face recognition
Face preference is associated with reduced face recognition in infants who have an older sibling with autism.
Longer looking at faces may reflect processing difficulties rather than preference
What is neurodiversity?
Neurodiversity conceptualises autism as a difference in neurocognitive functioning rather than as a disorder
What is comorbidity?
The co-occurrence of 2 or more disorders
What is the co-occurrence with autism?
70% of children with autism have at least 1 co-occurring disorder
41% had 2+ co-occurring disorders
What is the issue with comorbidity?
Comorbidity could affect our understanding of underlying mechanisms.
