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SOCI325 Intro to Deviance and Social Control > Deviance and the Media > Flashcards

Deviance and the Media Flashcards

1
Q

What is media?

A

Vehicles used to transmit information in acts of communication/flow of information, what is included in the media depends upon media ownership

  • Past and present
  • Individual audiences and mass audiences
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2
Q

Use of media over time has changed significantly, in both:

A

Amount and medium

  • Rapid development and changes in a very short period of time
  • Impacts the message and how it is received
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3
Q

Why media matters

A
  1. Defines a social problem
  2. Shapes public debates
  3. Defines boundaries between groups
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4
Q

Does media violence increase aggression in the real world?

A
  • Correlational studies
  • Experimental studies
  • Desensitization
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5
Q

Correlational studies

A

Small-to-moderate (statistically significant) relationship

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6
Q

Experimental studies

A
  • Less empathy, more acceptance of aggression to resolve problems, aggressive behaviour
  • Individual variations (e.g pre-existing aggression, exposure to real-life violence)
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7
Q

Desensitization

A

More exposure to violence (in media and real-life) makes people more tolerant of violence

  • Emotional: lower levels of anxiety when watching a violent film
  • Physiological: lower heart rates and blood pressure when watching a violent film
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8
Q

How we socially construct deviance, specifically how the media constructs issues/events/deviance, constructs

A

people’s identities

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9
Q

Critical Approaches

A
  • Intertwined with structures of power in society
  • Similar to more subjectivist deviance scholars
  • Interpretive and critical theories
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10
Q

Framing

A

News and images are linked together to create certain audience perceptions and give specific impressions to the audience

  • Affects what we notice about reality
  • Similar to the way selfies include only certain portions of reality
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11
Q

Associative priming

A

Viewers pass the material presented via media through their already existing thoughts and stereotypes in order to interpret and understand the material

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12
Q

Framing racialized groups as:

A
  • Invisible
  • Stereotypes
  • Social problems
  • Adornments
  • Whitewashed
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13
Q

Trends in media ownership:

A
  • Convergence: individual companies own multiple forms of media
  • Conglomeration: companies merge or buy out others, creating larger companies
  • Concentration: a small number of companies control most media products
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14
Q

Media as a Cause of Deviance

A

As seen in administrative approaches to media studies

  • e.g advertising -> tobacco use, underage drinking
  • e.g media violence -> violence, crime
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15
Q

Media Constructs Deviance and Normality

A 
Critical approaches to media studies
E.G:
- Framing of racialized groups
- Sexuality in mainstream media
- Media portrayals of youth crime
- Construction of body ideals
- Stigmatization of mental illness
- Stigmatization of groups
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16
Q

Media as a Tool for Deviance

A

Cyber deviance: deviant acts that are committed using computer technology

  • Digital piracy
  • Cybercrime -> hacking, identity theft, credit card fraud
  • Cyberterrorism or cyberespionage -> malicious hacking to attack businesses or societal infrastructure
17
Q

Media as a Site of the Deviance Dance

A
  • Varied points of view and debates within media
  • Online support communities for stigmatized groups
  • As a tool for exerting social control measures over deviant acts
  • As a tool for resistance
18
Q

Deviance Dance: The Dark Net

A
  • The deepest, hidden layers of the Internet
  • Tool for committing acts of deviance or resistance
  • As a hidden technology, it is a form of resistance in itself
19
Q

Deviantizing the Media

A
  • Parental restrictions on children’s media use
  • Government censorship of media
  • Efforts of moral entrepreneurs -> especially regarding youth media (concerns about effects of media on youth behaviours, deviantization of media associated with “troublesome” groups of youth)
20
Q

A social problem is a condition that involves

A

harm to one or more individuals and/or one or more social entities

21
Q

The concept of harm is:

A

an insufficient definition for a social problem, as many harmful conditions are not recognized as social problems (i.e smoking in the past)

22
Q

Synchronization

A

The discrepancy between harmful conditions and the incongruent methods through which members of a society collectively recognize some harmful conditions as socially problematic

23
Q

Latent social problems

A

Potentially harmful conditions that persist before being recognized and framed as social problems

24
Q

Popular hazard

A

Harmful activities that people knowingly participate in each day (drinking alcohol, unsafe sex)
- Common and legal, but can cause immediate harm

25
Q

Non-existing conditions that are widely recognized as a social problem

A

i.e Halloween sadism

26
Q

Claims-Making Activities

A

Verbal and non-verbal ways that people define social issues and conditions as social problems
Social problems are characterized by claims makers who try to convince various audiences about a real or perceived harm to humans, animals, and/or the environment

27
Q

Constructionist Perspective of Social Problems

A
  • Supportive of the claims-making perspective
  • Maintains that we can never understand the harm posed by various social conditions apart from cultural, social, political, and linguistic influences
  • Interested in the consequences of problem-framing (actual effects that social problems have on real peoples’ lives)
28
Q

What are the implications of saying that deviance is purely socially constructed?

A

The veiled pretense of neutrality

29
Q

Realist Perspective of Social Problems

A
  • Reject the idea that social problems are no more than a set of claims
  • The objectively measurable harms to humans, animals, and environmental well-being are what make social problems socially problematic
  • Our interpretations of reality do not change the fact that a reality independent of perception can be investigated

SOCI325 Intro to Deviance and Social Control (14 decks)

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