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Developmental Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Stranger anxiety

A

When I child feels anxiety when a stranger is introduced into their environment

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2
Q

Secure attachment

A

Explore using mom as a base
Distress when mom leaves
Reserved interest in stranger
Excitement when mom returns

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3
Q

Resistant attachment

A

Very clingy
Distress when mom leaves
No interest in stranger
Cried when mom came back too

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4
Q

Avoidant attachment

A

Not interested in mom or stranger

Just went out an explored

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5
Q

Authoritarian/Dictatorial

A

Little independence for their children and are strict and harsh

Kids have poor self control and handle independence poorly

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6
Q

Authoritative

A

Compromise and learning from mistakes, are kind but not too kind

Kids are socially competent, self reliant, and socially responsible

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7
Q

Permissive indifferent

A

Interact little with their kids, don’t know where they are and don’t really care about their kids

These kids have poor self control and don’t handle independence very well

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8
Q

Permissive indulgent

A

Parents are involved but place few limits on their kids, pushover

Kids have no respect for others and can’t control their behaviors

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9
Q

Assimilation

A

When we try to fit new material into an existing SCHEMA

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10
Q

Accommodation

A

When a child learns to create a new SCHEMA for a new object

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11
Q

SCHEMA

A

Mental category

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12
Q

Sensorimotor

A

0-2

Sensory skills- babies putting things into their mouths

Motor skills- figuring out body parts

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13
Q

Object permanence

A

Babases realize that when things are out of sight they aren’t actually gone

Ex: Peek a Boo

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14
Q

Preoperational

A

3-7
Child is very egocentric

Lacks reversibility ( being able to see a situation from another point of view)

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15
Q

Concrete operational

A

7-11
The child develops conservation (ability to understand things look different but can be the same ex: the juice glasses)

The child masters the concept of reversibility

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16
Q

Formal operational

A

12+

The child develops the ability to think hypothetically (about concepts that aren’t tangible like history and algebra)

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17
Q

Vygotsky - modeling and scaffolding

A

Modeling and scaffolding

Show a child how each concept works a couple of times then they can do it for themselves

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18
Q

Pre conventional

A

0-8

Make moral decisions based on rewards and consequences

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19
Q

Conventional

A

9-12

Make decisions based on peer influence

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20
Q

Post conventional

A

12+

Moral decisions based on the greater good, your ethical code

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21
Q

Carol Gillian

A

Criticized Kohlberg because he only studied white males

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22
Q

Stage 1

Trust vs Mistrust

A

0-1

Trust- developed from consisten care of needs

Mistrust- developed from inconsistent care of needs

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23
Q

Stage 2

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

A

1-3

Autonomy- self dependent (let kids do things by themselves)

Shame/Doubt- don’t allow kids to do things by themselves

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24
Q

Stage 3

Initiative vs guilt

A

3-6

Initiative- see that something needs to be done and they do it

Guilt- tell kids to stop their inititative

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25
Stage 4 Industry vs inferiority
6-12 Industry- making/creating things Inferiority- criticized for making/ creating things
26
Stage 5 Identity vs role confusion
Adolescence Identity- beliefs, friend group, morals, career interests Role confusion- not knowing what you're doing with your life
27
Stage 6 Intimacy vs isolation
Young adulthood Intimacy- hoe strong you are able to maintain a relationship Isolation- not having many strong relationships
28
Stage 7 Generativity vs stagnation
Middle adulthood Generativity- having a family, getting a house, working in your career, basically being a productive member to society Stagnation- not doing anything, nothing is meaningful, basically a mid life crisis
29
Stage 8 Ego integrity vs despair
Late adulthood Ego integrity- looking back on your life and feeling proud and happy Despair- looking back on your life and having major regrets or mistakes
30
Oral
0-1.5 Eating and putting tugs in their mouth Oral fixation- over fed as a baby
31
Anal
1.5-3 Potty training Anal retentive- over compulsive, potty trained as a baby
32
Phallic
3-7 Figuring out that boys and girls are different Penis envy
33
Latency
7-11 Repressing earlier conflicts Boys and girls have cooties
34
Genital
12+ Sexual relationships
35
Fixation
Super focused on one thing
36
Identity diffusion
I don't know what I want to do and I don't care
37
Identity foreclosure
I want to be a doctor because mom and dad always wanted me to
38
Identity moratorium
I don't know what I want to do but I am trying to figure it out
39
Identity achievement
I know what I want to do and I am in the process of getting there
40
Denial
Denying that something is wrong with you
41
Anger
Mad at diagnosis
42
Bargaining
Higher power or medical professional
43
Sadness
Dispare
44
Acceptance
Learned to live with it
45
Phenomes
Basic phonics and language sounds
46
Morphemes
Smallest unit of language with meaning
47
Grammar
Rules of a language
48
Semantics
Rules for the meanings of words
49
Syntax
Rules for the order of words
50
Noam Chomsky
Our brain is set up for learning language, once we hear a consistent language around us our brain soaks it up
51
Linguistic Determinism / Whorf
Our vocabulary determines the nature of our thoughts (ex: I think about diving because I know diving terms)
52
Over regularization
Over use of a grammar rule "I did it the bestist"
53
Over extension
Using a word too broadly Ex: calling all tissues Kleenex
54
Zygote
Begins as a single cell but begins to divide rapidly in the days following fertilization
55
Embryo
2 weeks - 2 month First stages in development of a child in the mother
56
Fetus
9 weeks - Birth Longest stage of baby being in the mom
57
Teratogens
Viruses that can hurt the fetus Ex: Zika
58
Rooting reflex
A baby turns toward the hand it is touched with when it is touched on the cheek
59
Habituation
When a baby is used to someone they are continually exposed to
60
Fetal alcohol syndrome
When the mother drinks while she is pregnant
61
Maturation
The process in which an individual matures
62
Moro reflex
A baby is stimulated by a loud noise or something that startles them and they curl up in a ball to protect themselves
63
Grasping reflex
When a baby instinctually grabs onto hands and fingers when they are young
64
Monozygotic twins
Twins from the same egg Identical
65
Imprinting
Ex: with the ducks and that guy and the ducks thought he was their mom because they were exposed to him first at birth
66
Temperament
Behavior of the baby Crabby Happy Sad Etc.
67
Dizygotic twins
Twins from different eggs Fraternal twins
68
Phenotype
A physical trait you can see
69
Genotype
A trait that is in someone's genes but may not be an,emto be seen
70
Gross motor skills
Walking, running, etc.
71
Fine motor skills
Drawing, writing, eating with a fork and knife, etc.
72
Lorenz
Worked on imprinting with the geese
73
Harlow
Monkeys and contact comfort
74
Contact comfort
Ex: the monkeys valued the warm doll over the doll that was giving them food because they felt safe near the warm fuzzy doll
75
Critical period
A period in which a child is very susceptible to things in their development and it is important they develop certain skills during that period
76
X chromosome
Girls XX Guys have it too
77
Y chromosome
Guys XY Girls don't have it
78
Gender roles
Roles in our society in which the genders are supposed to do. Basically stereotypes.
79
Social learning
People learn from one another
80
Theory of mind
Ones beliefs and desires and the ability to understand that these differ from person to person
81
Zone of proximal development
A period of time in which development is rapid and important
82
Telegraphic speech
Using the least amount of words and such to communicate. Used by babies a lot to communicate things. Usually uses crude grammar and minimal words.

AP Psych (8 decks)

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