Developmental Psychology Flashcards
Stranger anxiety
When I child feels anxiety when a stranger is introduced into their environment
Secure attachment
Explore using mom as a base
Distress when mom leaves
Reserved interest in stranger
Excitement when mom returns
Resistant attachment
Very clingy
Distress when mom leaves
No interest in stranger
Cried when mom came back too
Avoidant attachment
Not interested in mom or stranger
Just went out an explored
Authoritarian/Dictatorial
Little independence for their children and are strict and harsh
Kids have poor self control and handle independence poorly
Authoritative
Compromise and learning from mistakes, are kind but not too kind
Kids are socially competent, self reliant, and socially responsible
Permissive indifferent
Interact little with their kids, don’t know where they are and don’t really care about their kids
These kids have poor self control and don’t handle independence very well
Permissive indulgent
Parents are involved but place few limits on their kids, pushover
Kids have no respect for others and can’t control their behaviors
Assimilation
When we try to fit new material into an existing SCHEMA
Accommodation
When a child learns to create a new SCHEMA for a new object
SCHEMA
Mental category
Sensorimotor
0-2
Sensory skills- babies putting things into their mouths
Motor skills- figuring out body parts
Object permanence
Babases realize that when things are out of sight they aren’t actually gone
Ex: Peek a Boo
Preoperational
3-7
Child is very egocentric
Lacks reversibility ( being able to see a situation from another point of view)
Concrete operational
7-11
The child develops conservation (ability to understand things look different but can be the same ex: the juice glasses)
The child masters the concept of reversibility
Formal operational
12+
The child develops the ability to think hypothetically (about concepts that aren’t tangible like history and algebra)
Vygotsky - modeling and scaffolding
Modeling and scaffolding
Show a child how each concept works a couple of times then they can do it for themselves
Pre conventional
0-8
Make moral decisions based on rewards and consequences
Conventional
9-12
Make decisions based on peer influence
Post conventional
12+
Moral decisions based on the greater good, your ethical code
Carol Gillian
Criticized Kohlberg because he only studied white males
Stage 1
Trust vs Mistrust
0-1
Trust- developed from consisten care of needs
Mistrust- developed from inconsistent care of needs
Stage 2
Autonomy vs shame/doubt
1-3
Autonomy- self dependent (let kids do things by themselves)
Shame/Doubt- don’t allow kids to do things by themselves
Stage 3
Initiative vs guilt
3-6
Initiative- see that something needs to be done and they do it
Guilt- tell kids to stop their inititative
Stage 4
Industry vs inferiority
6-12
Industry- making/creating things
Inferiority- criticized for making/ creating things
Stage 5
Identity vs role confusion
Adolescence
Identity- beliefs, friend group, morals, career interests
Role confusion- not knowing what you’re doing with your life
Stage 6
Intimacy vs isolation
Young adulthood
Intimacy- hoe strong you are able to maintain a relationship
Isolation- not having many strong relationships
Stage 7
Generativity vs stagnation
Middle adulthood
Generativity- having a family, getting a house, working in your career, basically being a productive member to society
Stagnation- not doing anything, nothing is meaningful, basically a mid life crisis
Stage 8
Ego integrity vs despair
Late adulthood
Ego integrity- looking back on your life and feeling proud and happy
Despair- looking back on your life and having major regrets or mistakes
Oral
0-1.5
Eating and putting tugs in their mouth
Oral fixation- over fed as a baby
Anal
1.5-3
Potty training
Anal retentive- over compulsive, potty trained as a baby
Phallic
3-7
Figuring out that boys and girls are different
Penis envy