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AP Psych > Behaviorism > Flashcards

Behaviorism Flashcards

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1
Q

Acquisition

A

First time the CR happens as a result of the CA

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2
Q

Conditioned response

A

Learned, what now triggers this behavior

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3
Q

Generalization

A

Have a CR to a similar stimulus

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4
Q

Vicarious classical conditioning

A

Being classically conditioned by someone else

Ex: your mom hates olives so you hate olives

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5
Q

Unconditioned Response

A

Physical reaction

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6
Q

Conditioned stimulus

A

Learned, what now triggers the behavior

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7
Q

Discrimination

A

Have a CR only to a specific stimulus

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8
Q

Unconditioned stimulus

A

Natural reaction

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9
Q

Extinction

A

Overtime we lose the CR following the CS

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10
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Learned associations, involuntary behavior

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11
Q

Neutral stimulus

A

At first there is no response, after training there is a stimulus

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12
Q

Spontaneous recovery

A

The CR suddenly returns after it had previously become extinct

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13
Q

Law of effect

A

The more we reinforce a behavior the more it will occur

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14
Q

Operant chamber

A

Chamber with the birds where if they answer a question right or do a certain action they are rewarded with food or water

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15
Q

Positive punishment

A

Adding something unwanted to decrease a behavior

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16
Q

Reinforcement

A

Increases the chance that a behavior will happen again in the future

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17
Q

Primary reinforcer

A

A reinforcer that you need to survive

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18
Q

Negative punishment

A

Take away something that is wanted to decrease the behavior

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19
Q

Secondary reinforcer

A

Something that we like or enjoy (not a necessity)

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20
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Giving something wanted to increase the behavior (rewarding)

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21
Q

Operant conditioning

A

A voluntary action and focuses on rewards and punishments

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22
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Taking away something unwanted to increase the behavior

Ex: seatbelt ding

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23
Q

Punishment

A

Main goal of this is to decrease a behavior

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24
Q

Continuous reinforcement

A

A type of reinforcement where you are constantly rewarded for doing something

25
Q

Partial reinforcement

A

You are only rewarded sometimes as opposed to all the time

26
Q

Variable interval

A

Changing amount of time (unknown)

Ex: fishing

27
Q

Fixed ratio

A

Set amount of times that you have to repeat an action

28
Q

Variable ratio schedule

A

Changing amount of repetitions between reinforcement

29
Q

Fixed interval

A

Rewarding after a set amount of time

30
Q

Fixed

A

Stays the same

31
Q

Variable

A

Changes

32
Q

Interval

A

Period of time

33
Q

Ratio

A

Amount of repetitions

34
Q

Mirror neurons

A

Located in motor cortex, person raises their hand chimp doesn’t but a thing in their brain goes off that they are

35
Q

Observational learning

A

Learning by watching something or someone else do that certain thing

36
Q

Latent learning

A

Learning something without a reward and then being able to perform for a reward

Ex: mice in the maze

Also know as background learning

37
Q

Insight

A

Think about a problem overtime and then suddenly the solution comes to you

38
Q

Pavlov

A

CC with dogs

39
Q

Watson

A

CC with baby Albert

40
Q

Garcia

A

CC taste aversion

41
Q

Thorndike

A

OC law of effect

42
Q

Skinner

A

OC with positive reinforcement with rats and pigeons (operant chamber)

43
Q

Tolman

A

Observational and social learning

Latent learning (cognitive)

Ex: maze with rats

44
Q

Bandura

A

Observational and social learning

BoBo doll (social and observational learning)

45
Q

Behaviorism

A

The theory that behaviors can be explained using conditioning, and psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns

46
Q

Learning

A

Lasting change in behavior that is a result of experience

47
Q

Habituation

A

Decrease in a stimulus after being repeatedly exposed to it

48
Q

Associative learning

A

CC and OC

49
Q

Counter-Conditioning

A

Turns an unwanted behavior into a wanted behavior

50
Q

Shaping

A

Successive approximations toward a target behavior are reinforced

SKINNER

51
Q

Higher-Order Conditioning

A

Make a stimulus meaningful, then use that stimulus as a basis of learning new stimuli

52
Q

Token economy

A

Get tokens with no monetary value, then these tokens are exchanged for something with value.

Ex: Red tickets, Chuck E Cheese

53
Q

Behavior modification

A

Change in behavior through OC

PR NR PP NP

54
Q

Delayed reinforcer

A

A time delay between the desired response of an organism and the delivery of a reward

Ex: a diet

55
Q

Learned helplessness

A

Forced to bear a painful stimuli, becomes unavoidable and you just accept it

56
Q

Modeling

A

Learning by imitation

57
Q

Cognitive map

A

A mental representation where you can recall and decode info about your day to day life

58
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Doing something because you enjoy it

59
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Doing something for a reward

AP Psych (8 decks)

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