development of the head, neck, face Flashcards
what are the names of the arches
I
II
III
I mandibular arch
II hyoid arch
III
what are the components of each arch
artery
cartilage
cranial n.
arch I
____ prominence
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
_____ prominence
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
I Mandibular Arch
Maxillary Prominence
nerve: trigeminal n. (cr.n. V)
muscle: none
skeletal structures: maxilla, zygomatic arch, parts of temporal
Mandibular Prominence
nerve: trigeminal n. (cr.n. V)
muscle: mm of mastication
skeletal structures: mandible
arch II
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
II Hyoid Arch
nerve: facial n. (cr.n. VII)
muscle: mm of facial expression
skeletal structures: most of hyoid apparatus
arch III
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
arch III
nerve: glossopharyngeal n. (cr.n. IX)
muscle: pharyngeal mm.
skeletal structures: rest of hyoid apparatus
arch IV & VI
nerve
muscle
skeletal structures
arch IV & VI
nerve: vagus n. (cr.n. X)
muscle: laryngeal mm.
skeletal structures: laryngeal cartilages
what does the neural crest give rise to and where does it develop?
neural crest cells migrate to pharyngeal arches to become bones of the face, ganglia of cranial nerves, parts of teeth, and connective tissue of the head (mm. of mastication)
forms lateral to the developing CNS
what tissue layer is the pharyngeal pouches comprised of
endoderm
what tissue layer is the pharyngeal grooves comprised of
ectoderm
what does pharyngeal pouch 1 turn into
auditory tube
what does pharyngeal pouch 3 turn into
external parathyroid gland & thymic stroma
what does pharyngeal pouch 4 turn into
internal parathyroid gland
what does pharyngeal pouch 5/6 turn into
parafollicular cells of thyroid
what do pharyngeal grooves 1 turn into
external ear canal
what do pharyngeal grooves 2,3,4 turn into
cervical sinus
(should disappear and if it doesn’t can result in cervical cysts)
describe the steps of the development of the face
- frontonasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
- nasal placode splits into lateral and medial nasal prominences
- medial nasal prominences combine & form midline seem “philtrum”
- medial nasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
- lateral nasal prominence joins the maxillary prominence
- fused/expanding medial nasal prominences “intermaxillary segment” grows inward into stomodeum (mouth) to form the median palatine process –> primary palate
- maxillary prominence becomes lateral palatine processes
what does the frontonasal prominence become
forehead and dorsum of nose
cheiloschisis
“cleft lip”
failure of the medial nasal prominences to fuse or the failure of the medial nasal prominence and maxillary prominence to fuse
Failure of the lateral nasal prominence and the maxillary prominence to join
Failure of the medial nasal prominences to join
Nasolacrimal duct stenosis or absence
how does the nasolacrimal duct form
begins as the nasolacrimal groove which then thickens into solid cord, sinks into mesenchyme and cannulates to become the nasolacrimal duct
what does the median palatine process turn into
palatine processes of the incisive bone
vomer bone
most of the nasal septum
what does the lateral palatine processes turn into
most of the hard palate
all of soft palate
failure of the lateral palatine processes to meet with the median palatine process results in what?
palatoschisis
Palatoschisis
nasal cavity
nasal septum mostly from ______
floor from _____
separated from pharynx by _____ which become ______
median palatine process
lateral palatine process
oronasal membrane
choanae
what does the maxillary prominence become
maxilla
what does the lateral nasal prominence become
lateral side of nostril
what does the medial nasal prominence become
philtrum and median palatine process –> nasal septum, vomer bone and palatine process of incisive bone
what does the mandibular prominence become
mandible
Auricular Hillocks due to 1st pharyngeal groove
