Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > Development Of The GI Tract > Flashcards

Development Of The GI Tract Flashcards

0
Q

What does cephalocaudal folding create?

A

Cranial and caudal pockets from the yolk sac endoderm (beginning primitive gut development)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What does lateral folding of the embryo create?

A

The ventral body wall Primitive gut becomes tubular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Structure of the primitive gut at the very earliest stage? (PICTURE)

A

A blind-ended tube of the foregut and the hindgut Midgut remains connected with the yolk sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In which week does the primitive gut tube begin developing and how?

A

3rd week Pinches off from yolk sac cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does the primitive gut tube run from and to?

A

Stomatodeum (future mouth) to proctodeum (future anus) Has an opening for the umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is the epithelial lining of the future gut derived from?

A

Endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the external lining of the gut tube derived from?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the external lining of the gut tube composed of?

A

Musculature and visceral peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the midgut connected to the yolk sac by?

A

Vitelline duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the gut tube suspended and by what?

A

Suspended in the intraembryonic coelom by a double layer of splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adult derivatives of the foregut?

A

Oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, duodenum (proximal to entrance of the bile duct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the adult derivatives of the midgut?

A

Duodenum (distal to entrance of the bile duct), jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, proximal two thirds transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Adult derivatives of the hind gut?

A

Distal third of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper anal canal, internal lining of bladder and urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Blood supply to each part of the primitive gut tube?

A

Foregut - celiac trunk Midgut - superior mesentric artery Hindgut - inferior mesentric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which structures have a mixed blood supply?

A

Those that develop close to the junction between foregut and midgut Such as -the duodenum - proximal to entry of bile duct is celiac trunk, distally is SMA -pancreas - head supplied by celiac trunk and SMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the intraembryonic coelom (cavity) divided by and into what?

A

Divided by the diaphragm into abdominal and thoracic cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the serous membrane in the abdominal and thoracic cavity?

A

Abdominal - peritoneal membrane Thoracic - pleural membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a mesentery?

A

Double layer of peritoneum suspending the gut tube from the abdominal wall

18
Q

What do the mesenteries allow?

A

Conduit for blood and nerve supply Mobility where needed

19
Q

What surrounds the gut tube when suspended in the intraembryonic cavity?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

20
Q

What mesoderm is the mesentery of the gut tube derived from?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

21
Q

Which sections of the gut are dorsal and ventral mesenteries found?

A

Dorsal - along the whole gut tube Ventral - only in the region of the foregut so this part is tethered on both sides

22
Q

What do dorsal and ventral mesenteries of the foregut do?

A

Divide the cavity into left and right sacs -left sac contributes to the greater sac -right sac becomes the lesser sac which comes to lie behind the stomach

23
Q

What is the greater omentum formed from?

A

The dorsal mesentery

24
Q

What is the lesser omentum derived from?

A

The ventral mesentery

25
Q

What does rotation of the stomach create?

A

The greater and lesser sacs and omenta

26
Q

In which direction is rotation of the stomach?

A

Longitudinal axis Anteroposterior axis

27
Q

What happens as a result of rotation of the stomach?

A

Puts vagus nerves anterior and posterior to the stomach (instead of on left and right) Shifts cardia and pylorus from the midline Contributes to moving the lesser sac to behind the stomach Creates the greater omentum

28
Q

What is a peritoneal reflection?

A

Change of direction from parietal peritoneum to mesentery, from mesentery to visceral peritoneum, etc.

29
Q

What does it mean if an organ is secondarily peritoneal?

A

Began development invested by peritoneum and had a mesentery With successive growth and development, the mesentery is lost through fusion with posterior abdominal wall

30
Q

How do the oesophagus and respiratory primordium develop?

A

A respiratory diverticulum develops in the 4th week in the ventral wall of the foregut at the junction with the pharyngeal gut Get the respiratory primordium ventrally and the oesophagus dorsally A tracheoesophageal septum develops to separate them

31
Q

What is a tracheoesophageal fistula caused by and what is it?

A

Posterior deviation of the t/o septum

Mechanical pressure on foregut dorsal wall pushing it anteriorly

Proximal part of the oesophagus ends as a blind sac

Distal part is connected to the trachea by a narrow canal just above the bifurcation

32
Q

What creates the greater curvature?

A

Faster growth of the dorsal border of the stomach primordium

33
Q

What are some foregut-derived glands formed in the ventral mesentery?

A

Liver Biliary system Uncinate process and inferior head of pancreas

34
Q

What foregut-derived glands are derived in the dorsal mesentery?

A

Superior head, neck, body and tail of the pancreas

35
Q

What does the liver develop from and when does it appear?

A

A hepatic bud within the ventral mesentery which appears on the third week

36
Q

Where does the hepatic bud appear?

A

Endodermal epithelium at distal end of foregut

37
Q

When is the liver fully developed?

A

By week 6

38
Q

What is the bare area of the liver?

A

Where there is no peritoneal covering Shows the close association of the liver to the diaphragm

39
Q

Describe the development of the duodenum

A

Develops from the caudal foregut and cranial midgut Grows rapidly to form a C-shaped loop which stomach rotates In 5th and 6th weeks, lumen is obliterated and then recanalised Stomach rotation pushes the duodenum right, then against the posterior abdominal wall

40
Q

What can cause oesophageal atresia?

A

Displacement of the tracheo-oesophageal septum

Ischaemia caused by a vascular accident

Recanalisation failure

41
Q

What is a sign during pregnancy that there is oesophageal atresia?

A

Polyhydraminos

-accumulation of amniotic fluid because the foetus has an upper GI tract obstruction, therefore normal swallowing of amniotic fluid is not possible.

42
Q
A

GI (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions