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GI > Anatomy Of The Liver > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Liver Flashcards

0
Q

Functions of the liver?

A

Synthesis of bile
Glycogen storage
Clotting factor production

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1
Q

Where is the liver?

A

In the peritoneum

Upper right quadrant of abdomen

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2
Q

What structures are around the liver?

A

Anteriorly - anterior abdominal wall and ribcage
Superiorly - diaphragm
Posteriorly - oesophagus, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum (foregut derivatives)

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3
Q

Features of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver

A

Anteriosuperior surface
Smooth and convex
Part of this is the bare area (not covered by peritoneum)

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4
Q

Features of the visceral surface

A

Posterioinferior

Moulded by shape of surrounding organs so is irregular and flat

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5
Q

What does the visceral surface come into contact with?

A 
Oesophagus
Right kidney and adrenal gland
Right colic flexure
Duodenum
Gallbladder
Stomach
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6
Q

What does the free edge of the falciform ligament contain?

A

Ligamentum teres (from umbilical vein)

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7
Q

What are the ligaments of the liver?

A

Falciform
Coronary ligaments (left and right)
Lesser omentum

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8
Q

What do the coronary ligaments connect the liver to?

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

What does the lesser omentum connect the liver to?

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament
- duodenum

Hepatogastric ligament
- stomach

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10
Q

What is the posterior surface of the liver attached to and by what?

A

Inferior vena cava

Hepatic veins and fibrous tissue

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11
Q

Clinical relevance of the hepatic recesses?

A

Infected fluids can collect here and form abscesses

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12
Q

Name the hepatic recesses

A

Left and right subphrenic spaces
Subhepatic space
Morrison’s pouch

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13
Q

Where are the subphrenic spaces?

A

Between the diaphragm and liver, either side of the falciform ligament

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14
Q

Where is the subhepatic space?

A

Between the inferior surface and transverse colon

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15
Q

Where is Morrison’s pouch?

A

Posteriosuperior aspect of right subhepatic space between visceral surface of liver and right kidney.
Place where fluid is likely to collect in a bed ridden patient.

16
Q

What is the liver covered by?

A

A fibrous layer called Glisson’s capsule

17
Q

What divides the liver into four lobes?

A

Ligaments and surface depressions

18
Q

What is the right and left lobe of the liver divided by?

A

The falciform ligament

19
Q

Where is the caudate lobe?

A

On the upper aspect of the visceral surface

Lies between the IVC and fossa produced by the ligamentum venosum

20
Q

Where is the quadrate lobe?

A

Lower aspect of the viral surface

Lies between gall bladder and fossa produced by ligamentum teres

21
Q

Where is the porta hepatis and what is it?

A

Between the caudate and quadrate
It is a deep fissure
Transmits all nerves, vessels and ducts to and from the liver

22
Q

Arterial supply to the liver?

A

Foregut organ so from the coeliac trunk

Coeliac trunk - hepatic artery - hepatic artery proper

23
Q

What is the dominant blood supply to the liver parenchyma?

A

Hepatic portal vein

Carriers deoxygenated blood from the small intestine to the liber parenchyma

24
Q

Venous drainage of the liver?

A

Right, intermediate and left hepatic veins
Formed by union of collecting veins that drain the central veins of hepatic parenchyma
Drain into IVC just inferior to diaphragm

25
Q

Nerve supply of the liver?

A

Parenchyma - hepatic plexus which contains

  • sympathetic innervation from coeliac plexus
  • parasympathetic innervation from vagus nerve

Follows course of hepatic artery and portal vein

26
Q

What is Glisson’s capsule innervated by and what is it sensitive to?

A

Branches of the lower intercostal nerves

Distension of the capsule - causes sharp, localised pain

27
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the liver?

A

Hepatic lymph nodes
Lie along hepatic vessels and ducts in the lesser omentum
Empty into coeliac lymph nodes

28
Q

How can the liver be located from surface anatomy?

A

Lies deep to ribs 7-11

Inferior to nipples

GI (21 decks)

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