Abdominal Pain

Question 0

Why does visceral referred pain happen?

Answer 0

Visceral and afferent pain fibres follow sympathetic fibres back to the the same spinal cord segments that gave rise to the preganglionic sympathetic fibres. CNS perceives the pain as coming from the somatic portion of the body being supplied by the relevant spinal cord segments.

Question 1

What is somatic referred pain?

Answer 1

Pain caused by a noxious stimulus to the proximal part of a somatic nerve that is perceived in the distal dermatome if the nerve

Question 2

What can cause visceral referred pain?

Answer 2

Ischaemia Abnormally strong muscle contraction Inflammation Stretch

Question 3

What cannot cause visceral pain?

Answer 3

Touch Burning Cutting Crushing

Question 4

What can cause somatic referred pain?

Answer 4

Shingles

Question 5

Where are foregut, midgut and hindgut pain felt (Example of visceral referred pain)

Answer 5

Foregut - epigastric region Midgut - periumbilical region Hindgut - suprapubic region

Question 6

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 6

Cardiac

Question 7

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 7

Oesophageal

Question 8

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 8

Gastric and duodenal pain

Question 9

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 9

Small bowel

(colicky)

Question 10

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 10

Acute appendicitis

Question 11

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 11

Pancreatic or abdominal aorta pain

Question 12

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 12

Spleen

Question 13

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 13

Uterus/ovaries

Question 14

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 14

Bladder

Question 15

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 15

Hepatic

Question 16

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 16

Large bowel colic

Question 17

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 17

Gallbladder

Question 18

What is the cause of this type of referred pain?

Answer 18

Renal/ureteric colic

Question 19

Where is referred diaphragmatic irritiation felt?

Answer 19

Over the right shoulder

Question 20

What can cause diaphragmatic irritation?

Answer 20

Ectopic pregnancy

Ruptured spleen

Perforated ulcer

Question 21

How does pain in retroperitoneal organs present?

Answer 21

As back pain

Question 22

Where does the foregut extend from and to?

Answer 22

Oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, duodenum (to entrance of bile duct)

Question 23

Where does the midgut extend from and to?

Answer 23

Duodenum to proximal two thirds of transverse colon

Question 24

Where does the hindgut extend to and from?

Answer 24

Distal third of transverse colon to upper part of anal canal

Question 25

What is a hernia?

Answer 25

Abnormal protusion of a viscus or part of a viscus through the walls of its containing cavity into an abnormal position