Development of the Digestive System I Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 primitive gut formations?

A

Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut

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2
Q

What does the foregut give rise to?

A
Pharynx
Lower respiratory tract
Oesophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Liver
Pancreas
Biliary apparatus
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3
Q

What does the oesophagus seperate from?

A

Laryngotracheal tube

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4
Q

How does the oesophagus seperate from the laryngotracheal tube?

A

By the tracheoesophageal septum

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5
Q

What can defects (fistula) of the tracheooesophageal septum lead to?

A

Oesophageal atresia and incomplete seperation of the oesophagus from the laryngotracheal tube

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6
Q

What does the stomach develop from?

A

Dilation of the primitive gut

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7
Q

What degree of rotation does stomach undergo?

A

90 degrees

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8
Q

What defect can occur from the narrowing of the passage between the stomach and small bowel?

A

Congenital pyloric stenosis - projectile vomiting

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9
Q

What ratio of men to women get congenital pyloric stenosis?

A

1: 150 M
1: 750 F

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10
Q

What does the midgut give rise to?

A

Small intestine
Caecum and vermiform appendix
Ascending colon
Most transverse colon

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11
Q

What rotates as a result of the midgut forming?

A

Umbilical cord by 90 degrees

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12
Q

What week does the umbilical rotate and what is the total rotation it goes through?

A

Week 5

and 270 degrees in total

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13
Q

What can defects of mid-gut extension lead to?

A

Omphalocoele/ umbilical hernia

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14
Q

What can defects of rotation lead to?

A

Malrotation and congenital high caecum

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15
Q

What does the hindgut give rise to?

A
Left transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Superior anal canal
Epithelium of U. Bladder
Urethrs
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16
Q

What can High anorectal malformation lead to?

A

Fistulas

17
Q

What can Low anorectal malformation lead to?

A

Failure of rupture of anal membrane