Anaerobic Gluconeogenesis Flashcards
What happens from pyruvate without oxygenase?
Lactate dehydrogenase to lactate
Where does NAD regenerate in aerobic conditions?
Mitochondria
what moves nadh and h between cytosol and mitochondria?
Shuttle mechanisms
What is the shuttle mechanism?
Oxaloacetate to malate to mitochondria to oxaloacetate to aspartate to cytosol
Where is NAD regenerated by in aerobic glycolysis?
Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
what is fate of lactic acid?
Oxygen increase converts back to pyruvate to enter citric acid acycle , in muscle converts back to glucose
what is gluconeogensis?
Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrates , occurs in livers
what to triglycerides form?
Free fatty acids and glycerol
what is route for glucenogensis?
Same as glycolysis but 3 key ezymes :
glucose - 6- phosphate
fructose 1,6,biphosphate
Oxaloacetate
How many atp in total for glucenogensis?
6 atp
What happens when energy is high?
atp inhibits glycolysis
citrate and acetyl coZ stimulate glucenogensis
what happens when energy is low?
amp stimulates glycolysis to produce atp
amp inhibits glucenogensis
What is regulatory hormones of glucose?
Fruc-2-6-bip synthesized to PFK2 and broken to FBPase2
What does fruc-2-6-bip do?
stimulates glycolysis
inhibit glucenogensis
What does insulin do?
inhibits fbpase 2, activate pkf2 - glycolysis stimulated
What does glucagon do?
Inhibits pfk2 and activate fbpase 2 stimulation glycolysis low
inhibition glucenogensis reduced
What is cori cycle?
Lactate produce anaerobic glycolysis in one organ passed to blood via liver
what is alanine cycle?
in anaerobic conditions muscles make alanine and lactate - shuttled to liver to make glucose
where does glucose alanine cycle occur?
Skeletal yslce to eliminate nitrogen - less productive and makes urea then has to remove urea , nadh is conserved
