development of dentition

Question 1

what is orthodontics?

Answer 1

branch of dentistry concerned with facial growth, development of dentition and occlusion, and with the diagnosis, interception and treatment of occlusal anomalies

Question 2

name the 13 dental specialities

Answer 2

• endodontics
• periodontics
• oral surgery
• oral microbiology
• oral and maxillofacial pathology
• prosthodontics
• peadiatrics
• dental public health
• dental and maxillofacial radiology
• special care
• restorative dentistry
• orthodontics
• oral medicine

Question 3

what are the 4 stages of the development of the dentition?

Answer 3

• newborn
• primary (deciduous) dentition
• mixed dentition
• permanent dentition

Question 4

describe the newborn dentition

Answer 4

• upper rounded gum pad
• lower ‘U’ shaped gum pad
• anterior open bite
• often appear skeletal class 2

Question 5

what are the 3 anterior/posterior jaw relationships?

Answer 5

• skeletal class 1
• skeletal class 2
• skeletal class 3

Question 6

describe skeletal class 1

Answer 6

• normal

- mandible 2-3mm posterior to maxilla

Question 7

describe skeletal class 2

Answer 7

mandible retruded relative to maxilla (set back chin)

Question 8

describe skeletal class 3

Answer 8

mandible protruded relative to maxilla (chin stick out)

Question 9

a tooth already erupted at birth is known as?

Answer 9

a natal tooth

Question 10

a clift lip and palate can be unilateral or bilateral, what do both of these terms mean?

Answer 10

unilateral - 1 sided

bilateral - on both sides

Question 11

when on average does the 1st deciduous tooth erupt?

Answer 11

6 months

Question 12

when on average will all deciduous teeth have erupted?

Answer 12

3 years

Question 13

which deciduous teeth tend to erupt first, uppers or lowers?

Answer 13

lowers

Question 14

in what order do the deciduous teeth erupt?

Answer 14

A > B > D > C > E

Question 15

on average, what age do children tend to have a mixed dentition?

Answer 15

6-13

Question 16

what are the first adult teeth to erupt?

Answer 16

1st premolars and incisors

Question 17

what is the first adult tooth to erupt?

Answer 17

lower 6 or lower 1

Question 18

compare permanent incisors to deciduous incisors

Answer 18

• permanent wider

- permanent more proclined

Question 19

how long after the upper 1s erupt should the upper 2s erupt?

Answer 19

6 months

Question 20

which teeth erupt in stage A?

Answer 20

• 1st premolars and incisors

Question 21

which is the last tooth to erupt during stage A?

Answer 21

lateral incisors

Question 22

what is hyperdontia?

Answer 22

extra teeth

Question 23

what is the name of the condition which results in extra teeth?

Answer 23

hyperdontia/ supernumerary teeth

Question 24

what is the name of the condition which results in a tooth/teeth not erupting?

Answer 24

hypodontia

Question 25

what is the name for the condition which results in a small tooth?

Answer 25

microdont

Question 26

what is the name for the condition which results in a large tooth?

Answer 26

macrodont

Question 27

when the upper incisors sit behind the lowers, this is known as?

Answer 27

anterior cross bite or reverse overjet

Question 28

when the top teeth point outwards over the bottom, its known as?

Answer 28

increased overjet

Question 29

during stage B, in what order do the lower teeth tend to erupt?

Answer 29

3 > 4 > 5

Question 30

when the top back teeth bite down inside the bottom back teeth this is known as?

Answer 30

posterior cross bite

Question 31

during stage B, in what order do the upper teeth tend to erupt?

Answer 31

4 > 5 > 3

Question 32

in order to accommodate more secondary teeth, arch length must increase, where does the arch increase from?

Answer 32

posterior to 1st deciduous molar

Question 33

what is the name of the condition which results in the swapping of position of 2 adjacent teeth?

Answer 33

transposition

Question 34

an unerupted tooth in the palate is known as?

Answer 34

palatal ectopic tooth

Question 35

how is a palatal ectopic tooth moved into place?

Answer 35

fixed appliance

Question 36

the ideal static occlusion has 6 features, name these

Answer 36

- incisors sit slightly proclined, lower incised edge in contact with cingulum plateau of maxillary teeth - mesiobuccal cusp of upper permanent molar occludes with buccal groove of mandibular 1st molar - long axis of the teeth have slight medial inclination except lower incisors - tight approximate contacts with no rotation - flat occlusal plane or slight curve of spee - crowns of canines back to the molars have lingual inclination

Question 37

name the 4 incisor classifications

Answer 37

- class I - class II div I - class II div II - class III

Question 38

describe incisor classification I

Answer 38

- lower incisor edges occlude with or lie immediately below the cingulum plateau of upper central incisors - normal

Question 39

describe incisor classification II div I

Answer 39

- lower incisor edges lie posterior to cingulum plateau of upper incisors - upper central incisors proclined or of average inclination - overjet increased

Question 40

describe incisor classification II div II

Answer 40

- lower incisor edges lie posterior to cingulum plateau of upper incisors - upper central incisors are retroclined - overjet minimal

Question 41

describe incisor classification III

Answer 41

- lower incisor edges lie anterior to cingulum plateau of upper incisors - overjet reduced or reversed