development dynamics Flashcards
What is dependency ratio?
Proportion of the people 0-14 and above the age 65
maternal mortality
number of mothers per 100,000 who die during childbirth
fertility rate
average number of births per woman
Infant mortality rate
Number of children per 1000 who die before their first birthday
What is the Brandt line
Identifies and divides the planet into two parts, the rich north and poor south
A physical reason as to why Malawi is poor
it is landlocked meaning it has no port from which to import and export goods
An environmental reason as to why Malawi is poor
Climate change causes water shortages and food shortages due to droughts and variable rainfall
What is top down development?
When decisions about development are made by the government and the inhabitants have no say
What is bottom up development?
Where experts work with local communities to identify their needs
An example of a top down project
Narmada river scheme
And example of a bottom up project
Astra biogas
What is globalisation
The process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade
What is a TNC
Trans National Corporation
What is outsourcing
Where a company moves services overseas
Why do TNCS outsource to India
350 million speak English
lots of skilled workers
located midway between western countries
Where is the Narmada river scheme located
Western India
Why was the Narmada river scheme built
To store monsoon rains for the dry season
Where are Astra biogas located
Rural India
Why were Astra biogas built
to provide the country with electricity in a sustainable way
An example of a core state
Maharashtra
An example of a periphery state
Bihar
Why is Maharashtra an example of a core
it has benefitted from having a port which means it can sell what poorer states provide
Why is Bihar and example of a periphery state
Most of its population is rural and consists of subsistence farmers
What are the 4 environmental effects in India
Air pollution
Water pollution
Difficulties in disposing waste
Electronic waste
What is a corruption index
Measures how corrupt each country’s economy (that is controlled by the state) is perceived to be by experts
What are the 5 stages in Rostow’s development theory?
Farming
Manufacturing
Investments
Period of growth
Period of comfort
