Development

Question 1

A high concentration of bicoid protein at the opposite ends of a developing Drosophila embryo would result in the development of a _____.

Answer 1

two-headed fly. The head develops where there is a high concentration of bicoid protein.

Question 2

The bicoid gene product is directly responsible for _____ in a developing Drosophila embryo.

Answer 2

the establishment of the anterior-posterior axis

The concentration gradient of bicoid protein determines the anterior-posterior axis of a developing Drosophila.

Question 3

Where does the head develop?

Answer 3

Where there is a high concentration of bitcoin protein

Question 4

What will develop in the region of low bicoid concentration?

Answer 4

The abdomen

Question 5

What type of gene is the bicoid gene?

Answer 5

It is a egg polarity gene.

Question 6

What do egg-polarity gene do?

Answer 6

Egg-polarity genes are responsible for establishing the polarity of the egg.

Question 7

What process produces the gradient of bicoid protein in a fertilized egg?

Answer 7

diffusion. Bicoid protein is produced at the anterior end and diffuses toward the posterior, resulting in a gradient.

Question 8

The bicoid gene is transcribed by _____.

Answer 8

Nurse cells

Question 9

What triggers the translation of bicoid mRNA?

Answer 9

fertilization of the egg

Question 10

Which of the following is not a body segment of the fruit fly embryo?

Answer 10

Antenna

Question 11

Where is bicoid mRNA translated?

Answer 11

Fertilized egg

Question 12

What is pattern formation?

Answer 12

It is the development of a multicellular organism’s spatial organization, which is the arrangement of its body in three dimensions.

Question 13

What is Morphogenesis

Answer 13

Morphogenesis is the development of a multicellular organism’s body shape, or form.

Question 14

How do cell recognize their position in relation to other cells and the axis of the body?

Answer 14

through molecular signals

Question 15

What are homeotic genes?

Answer 15

They identify certain segments in a multicellular organism such as the abdomen. This leads to the development of segment specific structures. Another way to talk about it is that homeotic gene are regulatory gene, which code of transcription factors

Question 16

What are the three major body axes?

Answer 16

The posterior anterior axis; this axis runs from head to tail. Dorsal ventral axis and left to right

Question 17

What are hox genes?

Answer 17

A gouping of eight homeotic gene no the shame chromosome of a fruit fly became kknown as the homeotic complex or Hox gene. Hox gene now refers to organisms other than Fruit flies.

After segmentation genes have established the body segments, Hox genes trigger the development of segment specific body structures at the correct location

Question 18

What are master regulator genes?

Answer 18

They establish the anterior posterior axis of organisms

Question 19

What are gap genes?

Answer 19

Defines the general position of body regions

Question 20

What are pair-rule genes?

Answer 20

They define segments

Question 21

What are segment polarity genes?

Answer 21

They define boundaries within segments

Question 22

What are homeotic genes?

Answer 22

They genes produce products which define each segment.

Question 23

Name the five-types of regulatory gene in order from least specific to most specific.

Answer 23

Master regulator gene 
Gap genes 
Pair-rule genes
Segment polarity genes 
homeotic genes

Question 24

What are hox genes?

Answer 24

Hox genes regulate the placement of body structures by coding for transcription factors that control the development of segment-specific structures. Individuals with normal Hox genes have a normal physical appearance, whereas individuals with abnormal Hox genes may have an abnormal physical appearance.

Question 25

What is gastrulation?

Answer 25

The phase in embryonic development (after cleavage) when the single layered blastula becomes a three-layered structure. The three germ layers are called ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

Organogenesis comes after gastrulation.