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Detrital Sedimentary Rocks (Clastic) Flashcards

1
Q

Detrital sedimentary rocks are also called as?

A

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

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2
Q

If the clast size is GRAVEL, what is the sed rock and grabau name?

A

Sed Rock: Gravelstone/Conglomerate

Grabau: Rudite

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3
Q

If the clast size is SAND, what is the sed rock and grabau name?

A

Sed rock: Sandstone

Grabau: Arenite

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4
Q

If the clast size is MUD, what is the sed rock and grabau name?

A

Sed rock: Mudrock

Grabau: Lutite

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5
Q

Size range in mm for boulders.

A

> 256 mm

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6
Q

Size range in mm for cobble.

A

64-256 mm

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7
Q

Size range in mm for pebble

A

4-64 mm

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8
Q

Size range in mm for granule.

A

2-4 mm

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9
Q

Size range in mm for sand.

A

1/16-2 mm

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10
Q

Size range in mm for silt.

A

1/256-1/16 mm

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11
Q

Size range in mm for clay

A

<1/256 mm

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12
Q

Common name for the particles boulder, cobble, pebble, and granule.

A

Gravel

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13
Q

Common name for the particle sand

A

Sand

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14
Q

Common name for the particles silt and clay.

A

Mud

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15
Q

Detrital rocks under the Gravel category

A

Conglomerate and Breccia

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16
Q

Detrital Rock under the sand category

A

Sandstone

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17
Q

Three detrital rocks under the mud category.

A

Claystone, Mudstone(and Shale) , or Siltstone

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18
Q

Phi value of Boulders

A

-8

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19
Q

Phi value of Cobbles

A

-7, -6, -5, and -4

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20
Q

Phi value of pebbles

A

-4, -3, -2

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21
Q

Phi value of Granules

A

-2, -1

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22
Q

Phi value of very coarse sand

A

-1, 0

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23
Q

Phi value of coarse sand

A

0, 1

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24
Q

Phi value of medium sand

A

1, 2

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25
Phi value of fine sand
2, 3
26
Phi value of very fine sand
3, 4
27
Phi value of coarse silt
4, 5
28
Phi value of medium silt
5, 6
29
Phi value of fine silt
6, 7
30
Phi value of very fine silt
7, 8
31
Phi value of clay
8
32
Sedimentary rocks made up of gravel-sized sediments.
Gravelstones
33
Gravelstones that are made up of rounded sediments.
Conglomerate
34
Gravelstones that are made up of angular sediments.
Breccia
35
Gravelstones are also called as?
Rudites
36
Gravelstones with an interior source, eroding from the same source and lithifying space, making the clasts and matrices’ composition uniform.
Intraformational
37
Gravelstones with composition derived outside of depositional basin, with the clasts and matrices’ composition different from each other.
Extraformational
38
Clast-supported conglomerates
Orthoconglomerate
39
Matrix-supported conglomerate
Paraconglomerate
40
Describes gravelstones with more than 90% of the framework clasts consisting of a single or few resistant rocks and/or minerals.
Oligomict
41
Describes gravelstones with clasts of different compositions that are prone to weathering and erosion.
Petromict
42
Describes gravelstones with clasts composed of a single composition
Monomictic
43
Describes gravelstones with clasts composed of about 2-4 different types of parent rocks.
Diamictic
44
Describes gravelstones with clasts with numerous amounts of types of composition
Polymictic
45
A type of gravelstone composed of lithified colluvium deposited from mass wasting.
Diamictite
46
Diamictites derived from glaciers.
Diamictons
47
Sedimentary rocks made up of sand-sized sediments.
Sandstones
48
Also called as Arenites.
Sandstone
49
A classification of sandstones that classifies sandstones based on the proportions of Quartz, Feldspars, and Lithic Fragments normalized.
Folk’s Scheme
50
Sandstones with significant amount of feldspars
Arkose
51
Sandstones with significant amount of mud matrix
Wacke
52
An older, general term for matrix-rich sandstones
Greywacke
53
Are known as the “stable platforms”.
Cratons
54
What is the setting and subdivision? Sediments are derived from volcanic-magmatic arcs formed over subduction zones along convergent plate boundaries.
Setting: Magmatic Arc Source Subdivision: N/A
55
What is the setting and subdivision? Contain sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, and recycled volcanic/magmatic arc sediments derived from uplifted recycled accretionary complexes.
Setting: Recycled Orogen Source Subdivision: Subduction Complexes
56
What is the setting and subdivision? Contain sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, of both continental and oceanic origin, uplifted during continental collisions that close ocean basins.
Setting: Recycled Orogen Source Subdivision: Collision Orogens
57
What is the setting and subdivision? Consist of diverse sedimentary, metamorphic, and plutonic igneous rock assemblages exposed in orogenic belts some distance from convergent plate boundaries.
Setting: Recycled Orogen Source Subdivision: Foreland Uplifts
58
What is the setting and subdivision? Sediments are derived from pre-existing, generally mature, sedimentary rocks that overlie plutonic basement rocks in a stable platform setting with very low relief.
Setting:m Continental Block Source Subdivision: Craton Interior
59
What is the setting and subdivision? Both platform sedimentary rocks and plutonic basement shield rocks are exposed as source rock types in settings of low to moderate relief.
Setting: Continental Block Source Subdivision: Transitional Cratons
60
What is the setting and subdivision? The basement plutonic igneous and metamorphic rocks are exposed in an area of high relief resulting from an uplift.
Setting: Continental Block Source Subdivision: Uplifted Basement
61
Sedimentary rocks made up of mud-sized sediments.
Mudrock
62
Mudrocks that are made up of silt-sized sediments.
Siltstone
63
Mudrocks that are made up of clay-sized sediments.
Claystone
64
Also called as lutites.
Mudrocks
65
Mudrocks that are made up of the combination of silt and clay sized sediments.
Mudstone
66
A type of mudrock that shows distinct layering.
Shale
67
Banding observed among mudrocks where they tend to break.
Fissility
68
Smectite-rich claystones that formed from the alteration of volcanic ash deposits from explosive eruptions.
Bentonite
69
What is the tagalog term for Bentonite?
Adobe
70
Sediments from mass wasting
Colluvium
71
Sediments from streams
Alluvium

PETROLOGY (15 decks)

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