detention

Question 1

what are the components of a generic mammalian tooth

Answer 1

enamel
dentine
cementum
pulp cavity
periodontium

Question 2

what is enamel

Answer 2

hard outer part projecting above gums

Question 3

what is the origin of enamel

Answer 3

ectodermal

Question 4

what forms enamel

Answer 4

ameloblasts

Question 5

cell type of enamel

Answer 5

acellular and does not regenerate

Question 6

origin of dentine

Answer 6

mesodermal

Question 7

what forms dentine

Answer 7

odontoblasts

Question 8

what does dentine form

Answer 8

bulk of the tooth

Question 9

where does tertiary dentine occur

Answer 9

sites of injury

Question 10

origin of cementum

Answer 10

mesodermal

Question 11

what is cementum formed from

Answer 11

calcified connective tissue

Question 12

what does cementum form

Answer 12

outer lining of the tooth in the socket in brachydont teeth and completely covers the tooth in hypsodont teeth

Question 13

what does the pulp cavity do

Answer 13

reflects the external shape of the tooth = present in each tooth root

Question 14

growth of cementum

Answer 14

continuously and slowly throughout life = thicker in older animals

Question 15

where is the pulp cavity open at

Answer 15

apical foramen

Question 16

what is the pulp cavity

Answer 16

central part of tooth containing nerve fibres, lymphatic and blood vessels

Question 17

what are all teeth innervated by

Answer 17

branches of trigeminal nerve - cranial nerve V

Question 18

what nerve are the upper teeth supplied by

Answer 18

maxillary alveolar

Question 19

what nerve are the lower teeth supplied by

Answer 19

mandibular alveolar

Question 20

diphyodont

Answer 20

deciduous and permanent teeth

Question 21

heterodont

Answer 21

different types of specialised teeth

Question 22

hypsodont

Answer 22

horses, high or long crowned with unerupted crown lying beneath the gum except very aged animals = root of tooth shorter than crownv

Question 23

brachydont

Answer 23

those of the dog and cat are low crowned - where all of the crown has erupted by adulthood = root of tooth longer than crown

Question 24

aradicular/eledont

Answer 24

teeth grow throughout life and never develop true roots

Question 25

radicular/aneldont

Answer 25

teeth with a true anatomical root structures and do not continuously grow throughout life

Question 26

clinical crown

Answer 26

exposed part of the tooth, regardless of structure

Question 26

anatomical crown

Answer 26

enamel covered part of tooth regardless of location

Question 26

Surface next to the cheek

Answer 26

buccal

Question 27

labial

Answer 27

surface next to lips

Question 28

Surface next to tongue

Answer 28

lingual

Question 29

surface touching tooth in front

Answer 29

mesial

Question 30

surface touching tooth behind

Answer 30

distal

Question 31

masticatory surface

Answer 31

occlusal

Question 32

normal pH of mouth in dogs and cats

Answer 32

7.5

Question 33

function of saliva

Answer 33

maintains pH and also contains enzymes, lysozymes and immunoglobulins that moderate bacterial colonisation. mechanically washed teeth Has some anti-fungal and antiviral actions

Question 34

what is the periodontium

Answer 34

functional unit of several anatomical components

Question 35

what does the periodontium consist of

Answer 35

gingiva periodontal ligament cementum alveolar bone

Question 36

role of the periodontium

Answer 36

anchor tooth in skull and provide a suspensory apparatus to absorb stresses induced from biting

Question 37

what is the gingiva

Answer 37

oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and covers the neck of the teeth

Question 38

what is gingiva composed of

Answer 38

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 39

what is the periodontal ligament composed of

Answer 39

collagen fibres

Question 40

where does periodontal ligament attach

Answer 40

cement of the tooth and alveolus

Question 41

why does the collagen fibres being arranged in a sling formation of the periodontal ligament allow

Answer 41

small movement of teeth during mastication and act ask shock absorbers

Question 42

prognathism

Answer 42

lower jaw too long

Question 43

brachygnathism

Answer 43

lower jaw too short

Question 44

first stage of periodontal disease

Answer 44

gingivitis

Question 45

second stage of periodontal disease

Answer 45

inflammation of gingiva and periodontal ligament

Question 46

third stage of periodontal disease

Answer 46

further breakdown of support tissues, tooth mobility and tooth loss leading to oronasal fistulas

Question 47

what is plaque

Answer 47

biofilm on teeth that is formed by bacteria colonizing the dental pellicle

Question 48

function of incisors

Answer 48

grooming and nibbling