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detention Flashcards

1
Q

what are the components of a generic mammalian tooth

A

enamel
dentine
cementum
pulp cavity
periodontium

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2
Q

what is enamel

A

hard outer part projecting above gums

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3
Q

what is the origin of enamel

A

ectodermal

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4
Q

what forms enamel

A

ameloblasts

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5
Q

cell type of enamel

A

acellular and does not regenerate

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6
Q

origin of dentine

A

mesodermal

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7
Q

what forms dentine

A

odontoblasts

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8
Q

what does dentine form

A

bulk of the tooth

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9
Q

where does tertiary dentine occur

A

sites of injury

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10
Q

origin of cementum

A

mesodermal

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11
Q

what is cementum formed from

A

calcified connective tissue

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12
Q

what does cementum form

A

outer lining of the tooth in the socket in brachydont teeth and completely covers the tooth in hypsodont teeth

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13
Q

what does the pulp cavity do

A

reflects the external shape of the tooth = present in each tooth root

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14
Q

growth of cementum

A

continuously and slowly throughout life = thicker in older animals

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15
Q

where is the pulp cavity open at

A

apical foramen

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16
Q

what is the pulp cavity

A

central part of tooth containing nerve fibres, lymphatic and blood vessels

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17
Q

what are all teeth innervated by

A

branches of trigeminal nerve - cranial nerve V

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18
Q

what nerve are the upper teeth supplied by

A

maxillary alveolar

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19
Q

what nerve are the lower teeth supplied by

A

mandibular alveolar

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20
Q

diphyodont

A

deciduous and permanent teeth

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21
Q

heterodont

A

different types of specialised teeth

22
Q

hypsodont

A

horses, high or long crowned with unerupted crown lying beneath the gum except very aged animals = root of tooth shorter than crownv

23
Q

brachydont

A

those of the dog and cat are low crowned - where all of the crown has erupted by adulthood = root of tooth longer than crown

24
Q

aradicular/eledont

A

teeth grow throughout life and never develop true roots

25
Q

radicular/aneldont

A

teeth with a true anatomical root structures and do not continuously grow throughout life

26
Q

clinical crown

A

exposed part of the tooth, regardless of structure

26
Q

anatomical crown

A

enamel covered part of tooth regardless of location

26
Q

Surface next to the cheek

A

buccal

27
Q

labial

A

surface next to lips

28
Q

Surface next to tongue

A

lingual

29
Q

surface touching tooth in front

A

mesial

30
Q

surface touching tooth behind

A

distal

31
Q

masticatory surface

A

occlusal

32
Q

normal pH of mouth in dogs and cats

A

7.5

33
Q

function of saliva

A

maintains pH and also contains enzymes, lysozymes and immunoglobulins that moderate bacterial colonisation.
mechanically washed teeth
Has some anti-fungal and antiviral actions

34
Q

what is the periodontium

A

functional unit of several anatomical components

35
Q

what does the periodontium consist of

A

gingiva
periodontal ligament
cementum
alveolar bone

36
Q

role of the periodontium

A

anchor tooth in skull and provide a suspensory apparatus to absorb stresses induced from biting

37
Q

what is the gingiva

A

oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of the jaws and covers the neck of the teeth

38
Q

what is gingiva composed of

A

stratified squamous epithelium

39
Q

what is the periodontal ligament composed of

A

collagen fibres

40
Q

where does periodontal ligament attach

A

cement of the tooth and alveolus

41
Q

why does the collagen fibres being arranged in a sling formation of the periodontal ligament allow

A

small movement of teeth during mastication and act ask shock absorbers

42
Q

prognathism

A

lower jaw too long

43
Q

brachygnathism

A

lower jaw too short

44
Q

first stage of periodontal disease

A

gingivitis

45
Q

second stage of periodontal disease

A

inflammation of gingiva and periodontal ligament

46
Q

third stage of periodontal disease

A

further breakdown of support tissues, tooth mobility and tooth loss leading to oronasal fistulas

47
Q

what is plaque

A

biofilm on teeth that is formed by bacteria colonizing the dental pellicle

48
Q

function of incisors

A

grooming and nibbling

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