Design Factors

Question 1

Six Design Factors

Answer 1

Function, Performance, Ergonomics, Aesthetics, Market, Safety

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

What a product does, its main job, its purpose.

Question 3

Primary Function

Answer 3

A product’s main job or purpose.

Question 4

Secondary Function

Answer 4

A product’s other job or purpose.

Question 5

Perfomance

Answer 5

If a product can fulfil its primary function then it is fit for purpose.

If a product cannot fulfil its primary function then it is not fit for purpose.

Question 6

Ensuring Fitness for Purpose

Answer 6

Make a prototype
Conduct user trials
Conduct user trips
Make a test rig

Question 7

Value for Money

Answer 7

Meets customer expectations and sold for a fair price.

Question 8

Maintainance

Answer 8

Keep the product in a good working order and extends the life of the product.

Question 9

Planned Obsolescence

Answer 9

Planned obsolescence is the activity of giving a product a lifespan.

Question 10

Safety

Answer 10

A designer must make sure that products are safe during their design and development, during their manufacture, when its’ being used and at the end of it’s life.

Question 11

A Safe Product Must…

Answer 11

Adhere to safety standards and laws,

Contain no harmful materials,

Contain no dangerous components,

Be tested thoroughly during development,

Be easy for the consumer to understand,

Be safe to manufacture.

Question 12

Ergonomics

Answer 12

An ergonomic product is easy, safe and comfortable to use.

Question 13

Anthropometrics

Answer 13

Data that describes the size and shape of humans.

Question 14

Physiology

Answer 14

Study of the physical mechanisms of the human body.

(Strength, movement, fatigue, effort, reflexes, strain, etc)

Question 15

Psychology

Answer 15

Study of the mental processes of humans. How we perceive, think and behave.

Question 16

Aesthetics

Answer 16

Aesthetics is the study of beauty.

An aesthetically pleasing products appeals to all of our senses. (Often stylish or fashionable)

Question 17

Visual

Answer 17

Colour, contrast, shape, line, symmetry, pattern, proportion, balance, material choice.

Question 18

Audio

Answer 18

Pitch, tone, volume, repetition, quality.

Question 19

Touch

Answer 19

Texture, weight, comfort, temperature, form, quality.

Question 20

Smell

Answer 20

Strength, bitter, sweet, sour, pleasantness.

Question 21

Taste

Answer 21

Strength, bitter, sweet, sour, pleasantness, texture.

Question 22

“This design has a…

Answer 22

Contrasting colour, Bold pattern, Ribbed texture, Symmetry, Smooth shape, Shiny material, Balanced line, Proportion

Question 23

to give a sense of…

Answer 23

Quality, nature, speed, balance, elegance, fashion, theme, balance

Question 24

so it appeals to…”

Answer 24

Teenagers, males, females, old people, professionals, animal lovers, sci-fi fans, gardeners.

Question 25

Describing Aesthetics

Answer 25

Don’t be vague when describing aesthetics, use words that describe the product.

Question 26

Marketing

Answer 26

Marketing is everything a company does to find customers and keep them.

Question 27

The 4 P’s Marketing Strategy

Answer 27

Make the right product,
Sell it at the right price,
Sell it in the right place,
Use the right promotions.

Question 28

Promotions

Answer 28

Advertising, celebrity endorsements, sponsorship, special offers, attractive packaging.

Question 29

Target Markets

Answer 29

Group of consumers intended for a product.

Market researches will determine what the market wants.

Designers’ products must fulfil a market demand and meet the expectations of the target market.

Question 30

Target Markets

Answer 30

Can be based on:

Geographic - where people live.

Demographic - age, income, job, sex, education.

Psychographic - values, opinions, attitudes.

Behavioural - brand loyalty, regular buyer, early-adopters.

Question 31

Niche Marketing

Answer 31

A niche market is a small, well-defined and lucrative market.

Advantages:
Less competition, easier to target customers, can charge higher prices.

Disadvantages:
Sell low volumes, over dependence on a single product, vulnerable to market changes.

Question 32

Branding

Answer 32

A brand is all of the impressions and experiences associated with a company or product.

Question 33

Benefits of a Strong Brand Image

Answer 33

Products become unique,
Products are easily recognised,
Products can command a higher price,
Perceived high quality/reliability,
Consumers loyalty,
Gives more opportunities for promotion

Question 34

Technology Push

Answer 34

When a new piece of technology drives the development of new products.

Question 35

Market Pull

Answer 35

When demand from the market results in new products. Consumers may want new products because:

The old version needs to be improved or made cheaper,
A competing product has been launched,
A product is trending,
Product in no longer compatible with another product

Question 36

Product Lifecycle - Introduction

Answer 36

Product has just released,
High promotion spend,
High marketing spend,
Building awareness,
Early adopters

Question 37

Product Lifecycle - Growth

Answer 37

Sales are growing,
The product is proven,
Competitors emerge,
Building the brand,
High marketing spend

Question 38

Product Lifecycle - Maturity

Answer 38

Sales slow,
Competitor products,
Saturated market,
Price competition,
Defend market share

Question 39

Product Lifecyle - Decline

Answer 39

Sales fall,
Low marketing spend,
Low promotion spend,
Only loyal customers remain,
Rejuvenate product