descriptive research Flashcards
descriptive research design
produce description of individual variables in a group,not relaitonships, no manipulation
observation research
observes and records behaviour for the purpose of describing behavior
behavioural observation
observing and recording natural setting, subjective, researcher must not interrupt or influence the behaviour, resercher stays concealed or repeats exposure until presence is no longer a threat
frequency method
counts # of behavior occurences in a fixed time
duration method
counts the length of time a behavior occurs
interval method
divides the time into intervals and records whether behavior occurs
time sampling
observe for one interval, then record in the next interval
event sampling
record one behavior in the first interval, then shift to another behavior in the second interval
individual sampling
observe one participant in the first interval, then shift attention to another participant in the second interval
naturalistic/nonparticipant observation
observes behaviour in a natural setting, high external validity ,excellent for behaviours that cannot be manipulated, time consuming
participant observation
interaction with participants, becomes one to observe and record behavior, high external validity, unique perspective,observe may lose objectivity
contrived/structured observation
sets up a situation likely producing the behaviors being measured, takes less time, less external behavior bc enriroment is lessnatural
content analysis
masures the behaviors in media
archival research
measures behaviour from historical records
survey research
obtains a description of a particular group of individuals
open-ended questions
participants answer in their own words, allows flexibility while answering , difficult to summarize, leads to different interpretations of the question
restricted questions
participants with a limited number of responses, like multiple choice, can obtain quantitative data
rating scale
responses on a predetermined numerical scale, used for statistical analysis, easy to m understand and use, participants avoid extreme ends of the scale, tend to chose the same answer for multiple responses
semantic differential scale
presents a pair of opposite adjectives along scale and the participant must select a location between the adjectives
likert scale
interval scale that has strongly disagree to strongly agree:
response set survey
multiple questions with the same answer, positive and negative statements, ensures participants are being honest and paying attention
survey administration
internet, mail, telephone, in-person intrviews
case study design
description of a single individual, to describe rare phenomena, present new application of known therapy
