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Rizk Review > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

DOC for urticaria?

A

Diphenhydramine

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2
Q

MOA of Diphenhydramine?

A

H1 receptor blocker

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3
Q

DOC for urticaria that is refractory to Diphenhydramine?

A

Add famotidine

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4
Q

MOA of famotidine?

A

H2 blocker

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5
Q

3 conditions that might be responsible for prolonged urticaria?

A

Hepatitis C, Lymphoproliferative disorder, Parasitic infection

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6
Q

Next step of workup for prolonged urticaria?

A

ESR + CRP; Skin biopsy

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7
Q

3 pathogens that may be responsible for prolonged urticaria?

A

H. pylori (related to Campylobacter), Strongyloidiasis, Fliariasis

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8
Q

Children presents with genital edema after riding bicycle – diagnosis?

A

Hereditary angioedema

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9
Q

3 labs to check in setting of hereditary angioedema?

A

C2, C4, C1 esterase inhibitor

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10
Q

Change to C2, C4, C1 esterase inhibitor in hereditary angioedema?

A

Low

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11
Q

Change to C2, C4, C1 esterase inhibitor in acquired angioedema?

A

NML

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12
Q

3 treatment options for acquired angioedema?

A

Epinephrine, Antihistamines, Corticosteroids

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13
Q

Which medication is NOT effective in treatment of hereditary angioedema?

A

Epinephrine

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14
Q

2 options for acute treatment of hereditary angioedema?

A

C1 inhibitor concentrate, FFP

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15
Q

Long term prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema?

A

Danazol

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16
Q

MOA of Danazol?

A

Modified testosterone

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17
Q

MOA of Danazol in prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema?

A

Increased C1 inhibitor production in liver

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18
Q

AE of Danazol?

A

Hiruisitism

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19
Q

Etiology of urticaria?

A

Allergy with associated HSN reaction

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20
Q

Etiology of dermatitis?

A

Inflammatory reaction

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21
Q

Triad of symptoms seen in setting of Atopic Dermatitis?

A

Atopic dermatitis, Asthma, Hay fever

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22
Q

DOC for Atopic Dermatitis?

A

1% topical hydrocortisone

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23
Q

DOC for refractory cases of Atopic Dermatitis?

A

Tacrolimus

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24
Q

Example of Contact dermatitis?

A

Poison ivy/oak

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25
Q

Contact dermatitis represents a Type ___ HSN reaction

A

4

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26
Q

DOC for Contact dermatitis?

A

Topical corticosteroid (ointment, not cream)

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27
Q

DOC for Nummular dermatitis?

A

Bath oils, topical steroids

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28
Q

Young male presents with seborrheic dermatitis that is difficult to treat – what is next test to order?

A

HIV testing

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29
Q

Pathogen associated with seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Malassezia

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30
Q

3 DOCs for treatment of seborrheic dermatitis?

A

Selenium sulfide, ketoconazole, topical steroids

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31
Q

What can distinguish SLE from seborrheic dermatitis?

A

SLE = spares the nasolabial fold; Seborrheic dermatitis = involves the nasolabial fold

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32
Q

Leser-Trelat sign involves multiple crops of …

A

Seborrheic keratosis

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33
Q

Leser-Trelat sign suggests …

A

Gastric carcinoma

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34
Q

2 nail changes seen in setting of psoriasis?

A

Nail pitting, Onycholysis

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35
Q

___ Sign refers to scraping of psoriasis spots, resulting in bleeding

A

Auspitz

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36
Q

Which medication by exacerbate psoriasis flairs?

A

Lithium … (think of bipolar patient)

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37
Q

39 yo female presents with psoriatic rash after streptococcal pharyngitis – diagnosis?

A

Guttate psoriasis

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38
Q

4 pathogens that may result in Guttate psoriasis?

A

Staph, Candida, HPV, HIV

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39
Q

Classic description of Guttate psoriasis?

A

Drop-shaped lesions

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40
Q

3 treatments for Guttate psoriasis?

A

Treat underlying infection, UV-B light, Topical corticosteroids

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41
Q

Why is Erythrodermic psoriasis considered to be a dermatologic emergency?

A

Electrolyte imbalance, dehydration

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42
Q

DOC for psoriasis?

A

High potency TOPICAL (not systemic!) steroids … NOT over-the-counter (low-dose)

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43
Q

4 conditions associated with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda?

A

ETOH use, Hepatitis C, Estrogen therapy, Hemochromatosis

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44
Q

First step of workup for Porphyria Cutanea Tarda?

A

24-hour urine porphyrin studies

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45
Q

Target morphology rash that results after taking TMP-SMX for UTI?

A

Erythema multiforme

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46
Q

2 pathogens associated with Erythema multiforme?

A

HSV, Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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47
Q

3 drugs associated with Erythema multiforme?

A

Sulfonamides, Barbiturates, Phenytoin

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48
Q

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) involves ___% of body surface area

A

>10-20

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49
Q

3 conditions associated with Erythema Nodosum?

A

Sarcoidosis, IBD, Behcet’s Disease

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50
Q

2 medications associated with Erythema Nodosum?

A

Sulfonamides, OCPs

51
Q

3 pathogens associated with Erythema Nodosum?

A

Histoplasmosis, Coccidiosis, Strep pharyngitis

52
Q

Antibodies seen in setting of bullous pemphigoid?

A

IgG directed against hemidesmosomes

53
Q

Clinical presentation of bullous pemphigoid?

A

Tense blisters

54
Q

Are mucous membranes involved in bullous pemphigoid?

55
Q

Best treatment for bullous pemphigoid?

A

Corticosteroids

56
Q

Antibodies seen in setting of pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Desmosome proteins

57
Q

Clinical presentation of pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Loose blisters that rupture easily

58
Q

___ Sign refers to blister rupture in pemphigus vulgaris with slight lateral shearing

59
Q

Are mucous membranes involved in pemphigus vulgaris?

60
Q

Best treatment for pemphigus vulgaris?

A

High dose corticosteroids

61
Q

First step of workup of cellulitis?

A

Evaluate for MRSA

62
Q

Outpatient treatment for cellulitis with MRSA involvement?

A

TMP-SMX, clindamycin, doxycycline

63
Q

First step of workup of necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Immediate CT/MRI; Surgical debridement

64
Q

Best treatment for non-inflammatory acne with comedones?

A

Topical retinoid + Benzyl peroxide

65
Q

Best treatment for inflammatory acne with pustular or nodular appearance?

A

Topical ABX, then oral ABX

66
Q

ABX of choice for inflammatory acne?

A

Doxycycline

67
Q

Best treatment for severe nodular acne?

A

Oral isotretinoin

68
Q

What is needed before beginning patient on Oral isotretinoin?

A

2 methods of contraception

69
Q

Patient presents with papules, pustules, cysts, and nodules that appear similarly to acne, but without comedones – diagnosis?

70
Q

Treatment for Rosacea?

A

Topical metronidazole

71
Q

___ refers to Rosacea that involves the nose

A

Rhinophyma

72
Q

Oral ABX used for treatment of refractory Rosacea?

A

Tetracycline, Doxycycline

73
Q

Alternate name for Tinea versicolor?

A

Pityriasis

74
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur

75
Q

Appearance of Malassezia furfur on culture?

A

Spaghetti + Meatballs

76
Q

Etiology of Malassezia furfur fungemia in infants?

A

IV lipid nutrition

77
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea Capitis?

A

Trichophyton microsporum

78
Q

Relationship of Tinea Capitis to hair?

A

Invasion of hair shaft

79
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea Barbae?

A

Trichophyton verrucosum

80
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea Corporis?

A

Tinea rubrum

81
Q

Clinical presentation of Tinea Corporis?

A

Annular lesions

82
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea Cruris?

A

Tinea rubrum

83
Q

Pathogen responsible for Tinea Pedis?

A

Tinea rubrum

84
Q

Treat all fungal infections with ___, except for …

A

Topical antifungal agents; Onychomycosis, tinea capitis

85
Q

Example of topical antifungal agent used to treat all fungal infections, except onychomycosis and tinea capitis?

86
Q

Treatment for Onychomycosis?

A

Oral terbinafine

87
Q

Treatment for recurrent tinea versicolor?

A

Single-dose ketoconazole, fluconazole

88
Q

Alternate name for verruca vulgaris?

89
Q

Pathogen responsible for verruca vulgaris?

90
Q

Treatment for verruca vulgaris?

A

Cryotherapy

91
Q

Treatment for refractory verruca vulgaris?

A

Salicylic acid … (except on face)

92
Q

Pathogen responsible for condyloma accuminatum?

93
Q

Which strains of HPV cause cervical CA?

A

HPV 16-18-31-33

94
Q

Pathogen responsible for Molluscum Contagiosum?

95
Q

Next step of workup for child who presents with genital Molluscum Contagiosum?

A

Suspect sexual abuse … (human is only reservoir)

96
Q

Pattern of itching seen in Scabies?

A

Worse at night

97
Q

Classic skin region that is affected by Scabies?

A

Finger webs

98
Q

Treatment for Scabies?

A

Permethrin, Lindane

99
Q

Treatment for refractory Scabies?

A

Ivermectin

100
Q

CI to oral Ivermectin?

A

Children, pregnancy

101
Q

Complication of actinic keratosis?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

102
Q

Treatment for actinic keratosis?

A

Topical 5-FU (many lesions), Cryotherapy (2-3 lesions)

103
Q

Indication for systemic 5-FU?

A

Colon CA treatment

104
Q

Most common type of skin CA?

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

105
Q

Description of Basal Cell Carcinoma?

A

Rolled borders

106
Q

What types of skin CA are associated with Xeroderma pigmentosa?

A

Squamous cell, Basal cell, Melanoma

107
Q

Best treatment for Basal Cell Carcinoma?

108
Q

Risk factor for Squamous cell carcinoma?

A

Immunosuppression, Organ transplant

109
Q

Most significant risk factor for Squamous cell carcinoma?

A

UV exposure

110
Q

Most common type of melanoma?

A

Superficial spreading

111
Q

Type of melanoma with worst prognosis?

112
Q

Unique characteristic of acral lentiginous melanoma?

A

Not related to sun exposure

113
Q

When should you perform sentinel LN biopsy in melaoma?

A

Lesion > 1 mm

114
Q

Best treatment for patient with melanoma lesion > 4mm with (+) LN?

A

Interferon

115
Q

2 conditions associated with Acanthosis Nigricans?

A

Metabolic syndrome, Gastric CA

116
Q

Is albinism inherited or acquired?

117
Q

Etiology of albinism?

A

Inability of melanocytes to form melanin due to defects in tyrosinase enzyme

118
Q

Treatment for albinism?

A

Sun protection

119
Q

Is vitiligo inherited or acquired?

120
Q

Etiology of vitiligo?

A

Autoimmune loss of melanocytes

121
Q

Treatment for vitiligo?

A

Topical corticosteroids

122
Q

Complication of vitiligo and albinism?

A

Increased risk of actinic keratosis + skin CA

123
Q

47 yo female presents with enlarged tongue, weight loss, peripheral neuropathy, purpura – diagnosis?

A

Amyloidosis

124
Q

Characteristic purpura seen in setting of amyloidosis?

A

“Pinch Purpura” over eyelids

Rizk Review (19 decks)

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