Dermatology Flashcards
differentiating vitiligo from pityriasis versicolor?
Vitiligo-depigmentation
Pityriasis versicolor-hypopigmentation
What is erythema multiforme major?
Erythema multiforme is an acute, immune-mediated skin condition that typically presents with target-like lesions on the skin and mucous membranes (eyes and mouth). This condition can be triggered by infections (commonly herpes simplex virus or mycoplasma pneumoniae) or medications.
Describe seborrhoeic dermatitis?
Seborrhoeic dermatitis in adults is a chronic dermatitis thought to be caused by an inflammatory reaction related to a proliferation of a normal skin inhabitant, a fungus called Malassezia furfur (formerly known as Pityrosporum ovale).
Causes itchy rash affecting the head : scalp (may cause dandruff), periorbital, auricular and nasolabial foldsdistribution is commonly caused by seborrhoeic dermatitis, causes ill-defined, pink coloured patches with a yellow/brown scale.
the first-line treatment is ketoconazole 2% shampoo
AKA as cradle cap in children
What is the management of psoriasis?
regular emollients always
first-line:
steroid + vit D analogue (separate) OD
second-line: no improvement after 8 weeks - vitamin D analogue BD
third-line: if no improvement after 8-12 weeks then offer either: a potent corticosteroid twice daily for up to 4 weeks, or a coal tar preparation applied once or twice daily
In secondary care: phototherapy, biological agents
How do you treat Pityriasis versicolor
topical antifungal. NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries advise ketoconazole shampoo as this is more cost effective for large areas
Superifical spreading vs nodular vs lentigo vs acral melanoma types?
superficial: most common, typically flat patch of pigmented skin which grows slowly. It can be recognised by an ABCDE approach. Younger people.
Nodular: 2nd most common. Older people. Red or black lump or lump which bleeds or oozes
Lentigo:elderly, slow growing
Acral: Nails, palms or soles, People with darker skin pigmentation. Hutchinsons sign.
What is the name of the rash that appears in lyme disease?
Erythema chronicum migrans (‘bulls-eye’) rash occurs in around 80% of patients with Lyme disease
What is the mx of acne?
Mild: combination of two: topical abx +/- topical benzoyl peroxide +/- topical retinoid (tretinoin, adapalene)
moderate to severe acne:
Topical retinoid/ benzoyl peroxide/ azelaic acid + PO abx or COCP for women
Topical and oral antibiotics should not be used in combination!!!
severe acne: extensive inflammatory lesions, which may include nodules, pitting, and scarring
oral isotretinoin: started by specialists only
What rashes are associated with reactive arthiritis?
circinate balanitis (painless vesicles on the coronal margin of the prepuce)
keratoderma blenorrhagica (waxy yellow/brown papules on palms and soles)
What is Pityriasis rosea
May be proceded by viral infection
herald patch (usually on trunk)
followed by erythematous, oval, scaly patches which follow a characteristic distribution with the longitudinal diameters of the oval lesions running parallel to the line of Langer. This may produce a ‘fir-tree’ appearance
