dermatology Flashcards
1
Q
cry/o
A
cold
2
Q
cutane/o
A
skin
3
Q
derm/o, dermat/o
A
skin
4
Q
hidr/o
A
sweat
5
Q
hirsut/o
A
hairy, rough
6
Q
lip/o
A
fat, lipid
7
Q
melan/o
A
black, dark
8
Q
myc/o
A
fungus
9
Q
onych/o
A
fingernail or toenail
10
Q
pil/i, pil/o
A
hair
11
Q
py/o
A
pus
12
Q
rhytid/o
A
wrinkle
13
Q
seb/o
A
sebum
14
Q
urtic/o
A
rash, hives
15
Q
xer/o
A
dry
16
Q
secrete sebum that lubricates the skin and discourages growth of bacteria
A
sebaceous glands
17
Q
help regulate body temperature and water content by secreting sweat
A
sweat glands
18
Q
helps control the loss of body heat
A
hair
19
Q
protect the dorsal surface of the last bone of each toe and finger
A
nails
20
Q
outermost layer of skin
A
epidermis
21
Q
form a protective covering for all the internal and external surfaces of the body
A
epithelial tissues
22
Q
forms the upper layer of the epidermis
A
squamous epithelial tissue
23
Q
lowest layer of the epidermis
A
basal layer
24
Q
a fibrous, water-repellent protein
A
keratin
25
special cells that are found in the basal layer; produce melanin
melanocytes
26
the pigment that determines the color of the skin
melanin
27
thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis
dermis
28
in the dermis; sensory receptors for stimuli such as touch, pain, temperature, and pressure
sensory nerve endings
29
tough, yet flexible fibrous protein material found in the skin and also in the bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
collagen
30
found in the connective tissue of the dermis, respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances
mast cells
31
anticoagulant released in response to an injury; prevents blood clots
heparin
32
released in response to allergens; causes the symptoms of an allergic response
histamine
33
located just below the layers of the skin and connects the skin to the surface muscles; made up of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue
subcutaneous layer
34
fat cells
lipocytes
35
type of sweat gland found at hair follicles
apocrine
36
type of sweat gland that opens onto the skin
eccrine
37
production and excretion of perspiration
hidrosis
38
rod-like structures composed of tightly fused, dead protein cells filled with hard keratin
hair
39
sacs that hold the root of the hair fibers; determines if hair is straight or curly
hair follicles
40
tiny muscle fibers attached to the hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect
arrestor pili
41
another word for fingernail or toenail
unguis
42
clear part of the nail that is closely molded to the surface of the underlying tissue
nail plate
43
skin underneath the nail plate
nail bed
44
portion of the nail not attached to the nail bed
free edge
45
pale half-moon shaped region at every nail root
lunula
46
narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root
cuticle
47
fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin
nail root
48
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin
dermatologist
49
specializes in surgical restoration or reconstruction of body structures
plastic surgeon
50
plastic surgeon who performs operations for aesthetic rather medical reasons
cosmetic surgeon
51
acne triggered by hormones in puberty; pustular eruptions of the skin, overproduction of sebum around the hair shaft
acne vulgaris
52
acne of noninfected lesion; whitehead/blackhead
comedo
53
closed sac found just under the skin; contain yellow, fatty material
epidermoid cyst
54
benign skin growth; has a waxy or pasted-on look
seborrheic keratosis
55
overactivity of the sebaceous glands; red, itchy rash, white scales
seborrhea
56
seborrhea on the scalp; dandruff
seborrheic dermatitis
57
lacking sweat in response to heat
anhidrosis (hypohidrosis)
58
profuse sweating
diaphoresis
59
excessive sweating
hyperhydrosis
60
hyperhidrosis during sleep; caused by menopause, certain medications, and some infectious diseases
sleep hyperhidrosis
61
intensely itchy rash
heat rash (prickly heat)
62
inflammation of the hair follicles
folliculitis
63
superficial bacterial infection of the hair shafts
trichomycosis axillaris
64
excessive body and facial hair in women; usually occurs in a male pattern
hirsutism
65
autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles
alopecia areata
66
loss of all the hair on the scalp
alopecia totalis
67
total loss of hair on all parts of the body
alopecia universalis
68
most common type of hair loss; male pattern baldness (receding hair line), female pattern baldness (thinning hair)
androgenic alopecia
69
abnormal curving of the nails
clubbing
70
spoon nail; outer surface of the nail is concave
koilonychia
71
inflammation of the nail bed
onychia/onychitis
72
ingrown toenail
onychocryptosis
73
onychomycosis
separation of the nail plate from the nail bed
74
acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around the nail
paronychia
75
a velvety, darkening of the skin; occurs in skin folds
acanthosis nigricans
76
solar lentigines or liver spots
age spots
77
genetic condition where there is an absence or deficiency of pigment
albinism
78
melasma; the mask of pregnancy
chloasma
79
skin condition resulting form the destruction of melanocytes
vitiligo
80
swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues usually caused by an injury
hematoma
81
bruise; large, irregular area of purplish discoloration
ecchymosis
82
injury to tissues without breaking the skin; accumulation of blood within the skin
contusion
83
very small, pinpoint hemorrhages
petechiae
84
multiple purple discolorations; smaller than ecchymosis and larger than petechiae
purpura
85
scab; collection of hard, dried serum and blood
crust
86
wearing away of a surface
erosion
87
discolored flat spot; less than 1 cm in diameter, such as a freckle
macule
88
solid, raised skin lesion
nodule
89
small, raised red lesion
papule
90
scaly, solid raised area
plaque
91
flakes or dry patches
scales
92
warts; small, hard skin lesions
verrucae
93
welt; small bump that itches; can appear as hives
wheal
94
closed pocket containing pus; caused by a bacterial infection
abscess
95
producing or containing pus
purulent
96
fluid, such as pus, leaking out of an infected wound
exudate
97
abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material
cyst
98
pimple; small, circumscribed lesion containing pus
pustule
99
small blister containing watery fluid; less than 0.5 cm in diameter
vesicle
100
large blister; more than 0.5 cm in diameter
bulla
101
superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
abrasion
102
groove or crack-like break in the skin
fissure
103
torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound
laceration
104
open lesion resulting in tissue loss around the edges
ulcer
105
bedsore/ decubitus ulcer; open wound caused by prolonged pressure
pressure ulcer
106
accidental puncture wound caused by a used hypodermic needle
needle stick injury
107
dark birthmarks; include moles (nevi)
pigmented birthmarks
108
birthmark characterized by blood vessels close to the skin's surface
vascular birthmarks
109
strawberry birthmark; soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark
capillary hemangioma
110
flat, vascular birthmark made up of dilated blood capillaries
port-wine stain
111
localized rash; caused by repeated contact with an irritant
contact dermatitis
112
result of a malfunction of the body's immune system
eczema (atopic dermatitis)
113
dermatitis caused by the friction of skin rubbing together
intertrigo
114
widespread scaling of the skin
exfoliative dermatitis
115
itching associated with most forms of dermatitis
pruritus
116
redness of the skin
erythema
117
fifth disease; viral infection; red, lace-like rash
erythema infectiosum
118
generalized allergic reaction
erythema multiforme
119
chilblains; purple-red inflammation; repeated exposure to cold
erythema pernio
120
abnormal redness of the entire skin surface
erythroderma
121
widespread rash, usually in children; several viral causes
exanthem
122
skin cells are damaged by exposure to UV light
sunburn
123
skin lesions or eruptions of any type; not associated with inflammation
dermatosis
124
dry, thickened, and scaly skin
ichthyosis
125
red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
126
painful fat syndrome; fat and fluid in tissues under the skin
lipedema
127
red papule covered with silvery scales
psoriasis
128
adult acne; tiny red pimples and enlarged blood vessels on the face
roseacea
129
bulbous nose, usually occurs in older men; hyperplasia of tissues of the nose associated with rosacea
rhinophyma
130
autoimmune disorder; connective tissues become thickened and hardened
scleroderma
131
itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction
urticaria (hives)
132
excessively dry skin
xeroderma (xerosis)
133
sores in mouth and throat; rash on palms and bottom of feet, one of few rashes to appreciate in these places
hand, foot, and mouth disease
134
small, red lesions called mollusca
molluscum contagiosum
135
boils; large, tender, swollen areas caused by staph infection
furuncles
136
cluster of connected furuncles
carbuncle
137
acute, rapidly spreading bacterial infection
cellulitis
138
death of tissues cause by lack of blood flow
gangrene
139
highly contagious bacterial skin infection; usually appears on the face
impetigo
140
caused by group A strep bacteria (flesh eating bacteria)
necrotizing fasciitis
141
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
pyoderma
142
condition caused by a fungus
mycosis
143
ringworm
tinea
144
infestation with lice
pediculosis
145
infestation of itch mites; cause small, itchy bumps and blisters
scabies
146
thickening of part of the skin
callus
147
normal scar
cicatrix
148
normally forms during the healing of a wound
granulation tissue
149
abnormally raised or thickened scar
keloid
150
overgrowth and thickening of the skin
keratosis
151
benign, slow-growing fatty tumor
lipoma
152
small, dark skin growth; develops from melanocytes
nevus (mole)
153
atypical moles
dysplastic nevi
154
benign, superficial, wart-like growth
papilloma
155
most common describes a mushroom-like growth
polyp
156
flesh-colored or light-brown polyps; hang from the body by fine stalks
malignant melanoma
157
the most serious type of skin cancer; occurs in the melanocytes
basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
158
begins as skin lesions, appear to be sores that will not heal, may have crusted look
squamous cell carcinoma
159
burn that affects only epidermis; red, painful, dry; no blisters
first degree
160
burn that affects epidermis and part of dermis; red, blistered appearance
second degree
161
burn that destroys the epidermis and dermis; may affect subcutaneous tissue
third degree
162
removal of a small piece of living tissue; examined to confirm or establish a diagnosis
biopsy
163
removal of a piece of a tumor or lesion
incisional biopsy
164
removal of entire tumor or lesion and surrounding tissue
excisional biopsy
165
removal of a core of tissue; done with a hollow needle
needle biopsy
166
cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope
exfoliative cytology (skin scraping)
167
removal of dead epidermal cells, often through sanding or chemabrasion; sometimes done for cosmetic purposes
exfoliation
168
blocks harmful ultraviolet B (UVB) rays and some ultraviolet A (UVA) rays
sunscreen
169
strength of protection
sun protection factor (SPF)
170
provides care for serious burns
burn center
171
replacement of damaged skin with health tissue
skin grafts (dermatoplasty)
172
destruction of tissue by burning
cauterization
173
removal of the outer layers of the skin
chemabrasion (chemical peel)
174
destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells
cryosurgery (freezing)
175
removal of material from the surface by scraping
curettage
176
removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue and cellular debris
debridement
177
pressurized fluid used to clean out wound debris
irrigation and debridement (I&D)
178
abrasion using a revolving wire brush or sandpaper
dermabrasion
179
destroying tissue with an electric spark, then scraping them away
electrodesiccation
180
cutting open of a lesion and the draining contents
incision
181
removal and examination of tissue layers one at a time
Mohs' surgery
182
reduction of eyelids by removing sagging skin
blepharoplasty
183
reduces moderate to severe frown lines
botox
184
soft-tissue augmentation
collagen replacement therapy
185
skin grafting
dermatoplasty
186
use of electric current to destroy hair follicles
electrolysis
187
removal of fat from beneath the skin
lipectomy
188
suction-assisted lipectomy
liposuction
189
removal of skin and fat to eliminate wrinkles
rhytidectomy (face lift)
190
treatment of spider veins
sclerotherapy
