dermatology

Question 1

cry/o

Answer 1

cold

Question 2

cutane/o

Answer 2

skin

Question 3

derm/o, dermat/o

Answer 3

skin

Question 4

hidr/o

Answer 4

sweat

Question 5

hirsut/o

Answer 5

hairy, rough

Question 6

lip/o

Answer 6

fat, lipid

Question 7

melan/o

Answer 7

black, dark

Question 8

myc/o

Answer 8

fungus

Question 9

onych/o

Answer 9

fingernail or toenail

Question 10

pil/i, pil/o

Answer 10

hair

Question 11

py/o

Answer 11

pus

Question 12

rhytid/o

Answer 12

wrinkle

Question 13

seb/o

Answer 13

sebum

Question 14

urtic/o

Answer 14

rash, hives

Question 15

xer/o

Answer 15

dry

Question 16

secrete sebum that lubricates the skin and discourages growth of bacteria

Answer 16

sebaceous glands

Question 17

help regulate body temperature and water content by secreting sweat

Answer 17

sweat glands

Question 18

helps control the loss of body heat

Answer 18

hair

Question 19

protect the dorsal surface of the last bone of each toe and finger

Answer 19

nails

Question 20

outermost layer of skin

Answer 20

epidermis

Question 21

form a protective covering for all the internal and external surfaces of the body

Answer 21

epithelial tissues

Question 22

forms the upper layer of the epidermis

Answer 22

squamous epithelial tissue

Question 23

lowest layer of the epidermis

Answer 23

basal layer

Question 24

a fibrous, water-repellent protein

Answer 24

keratin

Question 25

special cells that are found in the basal layer; produce melanin

Answer 25

melanocytes

Question 26

the pigment that determines the color of the skin

Answer 26

melanin

Question 27

thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis

Answer 27

dermis

Question 28

in the dermis; sensory receptors for stimuli such as touch, pain, temperature, and pressure

Answer 28

sensory nerve endings

Question 29

tough, yet flexible fibrous protein material found in the skin and also in the bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments

Answer 29

collagen

Question 30

found in the connective tissue of the dermis, respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances

Answer 30

mast cells

Question 31

anticoagulant released in response to an injury; prevents blood clots

Answer 31

heparin

Question 32

released in response to allergens; causes the symptoms of an allergic response

Answer 32

histamine

Question 33

located just below the layers of the skin and connects the skin to the surface muscles; made up of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

Answer 33

subcutaneous layer

Question 34

fat cells

Answer 34

lipocytes

Question 35

type of sweat gland found at hair follicles

Answer 35

apocrine

Question 36

type of sweat gland that opens onto the skin

Answer 36

eccrine

Question 37

production and excretion of perspiration

Answer 37

hidrosis

Question 38

rod-like structures composed of tightly fused, dead protein cells filled with hard keratin

Answer 38

hair

Question 39

sacs that hold the root of the hair fibers; determines if hair is straight or curly

Answer 39

hair follicles

Question 40

tiny muscle fibers attached to the hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect

Answer 40

arrestor pili

Question 41

another word for fingernail or toenail

Answer 41

unguis

Question 42

clear part of the nail that is closely molded to the surface of the underlying tissue

Answer 42

nail plate

Question 43

skin underneath the nail plate

Answer 43

nail bed

Question 44

portion of the nail not attached to the nail bed

Answer 44

free edge

Question 45

pale half-moon shaped region at every nail root

Answer 45

lunula

Question 46

narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root

Answer 46

cuticle

Question 47

fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin

Answer 47

nail root

Question 48

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin

Answer 48

dermatologist

Question 49

specializes in surgical restoration or reconstruction of body structures

Answer 49

plastic surgeon

Question 50

plastic surgeon who performs operations for aesthetic rather medical reasons

Answer 50

cosmetic surgeon

Question 51

acne triggered by hormones in puberty; pustular eruptions of the skin, overproduction of sebum around the hair shaft

Answer 51

acne vulgaris

Question 52

acne of noninfected lesion; whitehead/blackhead

Answer 52

comedo

Question 53

closed sac found just under the skin; contain yellow, fatty material

Answer 53

epidermoid cyst

Question 54

benign skin growth; has a waxy or pasted-on look

Answer 54

seborrheic keratosis

Question 55

overactivity of the sebaceous glands; red, itchy rash, white scales

Answer 55

seborrhea

Question 56

seborrhea on the scalp; dandruff

Answer 56

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 57

lacking sweat in response to heat

Answer 57

anhidrosis (hypohidrosis)

Question 58

profuse sweating

Answer 58

diaphoresis

Question 59

excessive sweating

Answer 59

hyperhydrosis

Question 60

hyperhidrosis during sleep; caused by menopause, certain medications, and some infectious diseases

Answer 60

sleep hyperhidrosis

Question 61

intensely itchy rash

Answer 61

heat rash (prickly heat)

Question 62

inflammation of the hair follicles

Answer 62

folliculitis

Question 63

superficial bacterial infection of the hair shafts

Answer 63

trichomycosis axillaris

Question 64

excessive body and facial hair in women; usually occurs in a male pattern

Answer 64

hirsutism

Question 65

autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles

Answer 65

alopecia areata

Question 66

loss of all the hair on the scalp

Answer 66

alopecia totalis

Question 67

total loss of hair on all parts of the body

Answer 67

alopecia universalis

Question 68

most common type of hair loss; male pattern baldness (receding hair line), female pattern baldness (thinning hair)

Answer 68

androgenic alopecia

Question 69

abnormal curving of the nails

Answer 69

clubbing

Question 70

spoon nail; outer surface of the nail is concave

Answer 70

koilonychia

Question 71

inflammation of the nail bed

Answer 71

onychia/onychitis

Question 72

ingrown toenail

Answer 72

onychocryptosis

Question 73

onychomycosis

Answer 73

separation of the nail plate from the nail bed

Question 74

acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around the nail

Answer 74

paronychia

Question 75

a velvety, darkening of the skin; occurs in skin folds

Answer 75

acanthosis nigricans

Question 76

solar lentigines or liver spots

Answer 76

age spots

Question 77

genetic condition where there is an absence or deficiency of pigment

Answer 77

albinism

Question 78

melasma; the mask of pregnancy

Answer 78

chloasma

Question 79

skin condition resulting form the destruction of melanocytes

Answer 79

vitiligo

Question 80

swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues usually caused by an injury

Answer 80

hematoma

Question 81

bruise; large, irregular area of purplish discoloration

Answer 81

ecchymosis

Question 82

injury to tissues without breaking the skin; accumulation of blood within the skin

Answer 82

contusion

Question 83

very small, pinpoint hemorrhages

Answer 83

petechiae

Question 84

multiple purple discolorations; smaller than ecchymosis and larger than petechiae

Answer 84

purpura

Question 85

scab; collection of hard, dried serum and blood

Answer 85

crust

Question 86

wearing away of a surface

Answer 86

erosion

Question 87

discolored flat spot; less than 1 cm in diameter, such as a freckle

Answer 87

macule

Question 88

solid, raised skin lesion

Answer 88

nodule

Question 89

small, raised red lesion

Answer 89

papule

Question 90

scaly, solid raised area

Answer 90

plaque

Question 91

flakes or dry patches

Answer 91

scales

Question 92

warts; small, hard skin lesions

Answer 92

verrucae

Question 93

welt; small bump that itches; can appear as hives

Answer 93

wheal

Question 94

closed pocket containing pus; caused by a bacterial infection

Answer 94

abscess

Question 95

producing or containing pus

Answer 95

purulent

Question 96

fluid, such as pus, leaking out of an infected wound

Answer 96

exudate

Question 97

abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material

Answer 97

cyst

Question 98

pimple; small, circumscribed lesion containing pus

Answer 98

pustule

Question 99

small blister containing watery fluid; less than 0.5 cm in diameter

Answer 99

vesicle

Question 100

large blister; more than 0.5 cm in diameter

Answer 100

bulla

Question 101

superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away

Answer 101

abrasion

Question 102

groove or crack-like break in the skin

Answer 102

fissure

Question 103

torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound

Answer 103

laceration

Question 104

open lesion resulting in tissue loss around the edges

Answer 104

ulcer

Question 105

bedsore/ decubitus ulcer; open wound caused by prolonged pressure

Answer 105

pressure ulcer

Question 106

accidental puncture wound caused by a used hypodermic needle

Answer 106

needle stick injury

Question 107

dark birthmarks; include moles (nevi)

Answer 107

pigmented birthmarks

Question 108

birthmark characterized by blood vessels close to the skin’s surface

Answer 108

vascular birthmarks

Question 109

strawberry birthmark; soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark

Answer 109

capillary hemangioma

Question 110

flat, vascular birthmark made up of dilated blood capillaries

Answer 110

port-wine stain

Question 111

localized rash; caused by repeated contact with an irritant

Answer 111

contact dermatitis

Question 112

result of a malfunction of the body’s immune system

Answer 112

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

Question 113

dermatitis caused by the friction of skin rubbing together

Answer 113

intertrigo

Question 114

widespread scaling of the skin

Answer 114

exfoliative dermatitis

Question 115

itching associated with most forms of dermatitis

Answer 115

pruritus

Question 116

redness of the skin

Answer 116

erythema

Question 117

fifth disease; viral infection; red, lace-like rash

Answer 117

erythema infectiosum

Question 118

generalized allergic reaction

Answer 118

erythema multiforme

Question 119

chilblains; purple-red inflammation; repeated exposure to cold

Answer 119

erythema pernio

Question 120

abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

Answer 120

erythroderma

Question 121

widespread rash, usually in children; several viral causes

Answer 121

exanthem

Question 122

skin cells are damaged by exposure to UV light

Answer 122

sunburn

Question 123

skin lesions or eruptions of any type; not associated with inflammation

Answer 123

dermatosis

Question 124

dry, thickened, and scaly skin

Answer 124

ichthyosis

Question 125

red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk

Answer 125

systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Question 126

painful fat syndrome; fat and fluid in tissues under the skin

Answer 126

lipedema

Question 127

red papule covered with silvery scales

Answer 127

psoriasis

Question 128

adult acne; tiny red pimples and enlarged blood vessels on the face

Answer 128

roseacea

Question 129

bulbous nose, usually occurs in older men; hyperplasia of tissues of the nose associated with rosacea

Answer 129

rhinophyma

Question 130

autoimmune disorder; connective tissues become thickened and hardened

Answer 130

scleroderma

Question 131

itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction

Answer 131

urticaria (hives)

Question 132

excessively dry skin

Answer 132

xeroderma (xerosis)

Question 133

sores in mouth and throat; rash on palms and bottom of feet, one of few rashes to appreciate in these places

Answer 133

hand, foot, and mouth disease

Question 134

small, red lesions called mollusca

Answer 134

molluscum contagiosum

Question 135

boils; large, tender, swollen areas caused by staph infection

Answer 135

furuncles

Question 136

cluster of connected furuncles

Answer 136

carbuncle

Question 137

acute, rapidly spreading bacterial infection

Answer 137

cellulitis

Question 138

death of tissues cause by lack of blood flow

Answer 138

gangrene

Question 139

highly contagious bacterial skin infection; usually appears on the face

Answer 139

impetigo

Question 140

caused by group A strep bacteria (flesh eating bacteria)

Answer 140

necrotizing fasciitis

Question 141

any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection

Answer 141

pyoderma

Question 142

condition caused by a fungus

Answer 142

mycosis

Question 143

ringworm

Answer 143

tinea

Question 144

infestation with lice

Answer 144

pediculosis

Question 145

infestation of itch mites; cause small, itchy bumps and blisters

Answer 145

scabies

Question 146

thickening of part of the skin

Answer 146

callus

Question 147

normal scar

Answer 147

cicatrix

Question 148

normally forms during the healing of a wound

Answer 148

granulation tissue

Question 149

abnormally raised or thickened scar

Answer 149

keloid

Question 150

overgrowth and thickening of the skin

Answer 150

keratosis

Question 151

benign, slow-growing fatty tumor

Answer 151

lipoma

Question 152

small, dark skin growth; develops from melanocytes

Answer 152

nevus (mole)

Question 153

atypical moles

Answer 153

dysplastic nevi

Question 154

benign, superficial, wart-like growth

Answer 154

papilloma

Question 155

most common describes a mushroom-like growth

Answer 155

polyp

Question 156

flesh-colored or light-brown polyps; hang from the body by fine stalks

Answer 156

malignant melanoma

Question 157

the most serious type of skin cancer; occurs in the melanocytes

Answer 157

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

Question 158

begins as skin lesions, appear to be sores that will not heal, may have crusted look

Answer 158

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 159

burn that affects only epidermis; red, painful, dry; no blisters

Answer 159

first degree

Question 160

burn that affects epidermis and part of dermis; red, blistered appearance

Answer 160

second degree

Question 161

burn that destroys the epidermis and dermis; may affect subcutaneous tissue

Answer 161

third degree

Question 162

removal of a small piece of living tissue; examined to confirm or establish a diagnosis

Answer 162

biopsy

Question 163

removal of a piece of a tumor or lesion

Answer 163

incisional biopsy

Question 164

removal of entire tumor or lesion and surrounding tissue

Answer 164

excisional biopsy

Question 165

removal of a core of tissue; done with a hollow needle

Answer 165

needle biopsy

Question 166

cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope

Answer 166

exfoliative cytology (skin scraping)

Question 167

removal of dead epidermal cells, often through sanding or chemabrasion; sometimes done for cosmetic purposes

Answer 167

exfoliation

Question 168

blocks harmful ultraviolet B (UVB) rays and some ultraviolet A (UVA) rays

Answer 168

sunscreen

Question 169

strength of protection

Answer 169

sun protection factor (SPF)

Question 170

provides care for serious burns

Answer 170

burn center

Question 171

replacement of damaged skin with health tissue

Answer 171

skin grafts (dermatoplasty)

Question 172

destruction of tissue by burning

Answer 172

cauterization

Question 173

removal of the outer layers of the skin

Answer 173

chemabrasion (chemical peel)

Question 174

destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells

Answer 174

cryosurgery (freezing)

Question 175

removal of material from the surface by scraping

Answer 175

curettage

Question 176

removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue and cellular debris

Answer 176

debridement

Question 177

pressurized fluid used to clean out wound debris

Answer 177

irrigation and debridement (I&D)

Question 178

abrasion using a revolving wire brush or sandpaper

Answer 178

dermabrasion

Question 179

destroying tissue with an electric spark, then scraping them away

Answer 179

electrodesiccation

Question 180

cutting open of a lesion and the draining contents

Answer 180

incision

Question 181

removal and examination of tissue layers one at a time

Answer 181

Mohs’ surgery

Question 182

reduction of eyelids by removing sagging skin

Answer 182

blepharoplasty

Question 183

reduces moderate to severe frown lines

Answer 183

botox

Question 184

soft-tissue augmentation

Answer 184

collagen replacement therapy

Question 185

skin grafting

Answer 185

dermatoplasty

Question 186

use of electric current to destroy hair follicles

Answer 186

electrolysis

Question 187

removal of fat from beneath the skin

Answer 187

lipectomy

Question 188

suction-assisted lipectomy

Answer 188

liposuction

Question 189

removal of skin and fat to eliminate wrinkles

Answer 189

rhytidectomy (face lift)

Question 190

treatment of spider veins

Answer 190

sclerotherapy