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med term > chapter 15 > Flashcards

chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the patient’s expression, tone of voice, mood, and emotions

A

emotional affect

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2
Q

the way the patient walks, including gait, any unsteadiness, or possible difficulty

A

ambulation

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3
Q

98.6 degrees

A

normal body temp

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4
Q

extremely high body temperature

A

hyperthermia

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5
Q

abnormally low body temperature

A

hypothermia

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6
Q

number of completed breaths per minute

A

respiratory rate

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7
Q

listening for sounds within the body

A

auscultation

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8
Q

abnormal crackle-like lung sounds

A

rales (crackles)

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9
Q

coarse rattling sounds that are somewhat like snoring

A

rhonchi

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10
Q

abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sounds caused by a blockage in the throat or the larynx

A

stridor

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11
Q

high pitched whistling sound heard during expiration

A

wheezing

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12
Q

abnormal sound or murmur heard during the auscultation of an artery

A

bruit

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13
Q

abnormal heart sound; most commonly a sign of defective heart sounds

A

heart murmur

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14
Q

bowel sounds; absence of these sounds can indicate ileus, which is the stopping of intestinal peristalsis

A

abdominal sounds

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15
Q

diagnostic procedure in which the examiner’s hands are used to determine the density of a body area by tapping the surface with the fingers

A

percussion

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16
Q

examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

A

palpation

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17
Q

used to examine the interior of the eye

A

ophthalmoscope

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18
Q

used to examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

A

otoscope

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19
Q

enlarges the opening of any canal or cavity

A

speculum

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20
Q

used to listen to sounds within the body

A

stethoscope

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21
Q

puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood

A

phlebotomy

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22
Q

puncture of an artery to obtain arterial blood

A

arterial stick

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23
Q

used when only a small amount of blood is needed

A

capillary puncture

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24
Q

series of tests performed as a group to evaluate several blood conditions

A

complete blood cell count

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25
Q

speed with which red blood cells separate from plasma and fall to the bottom of a specialized test tube

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

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26
Q

percentage, by volume, of a blood sample occupied by red blood cells

A

hematocrit

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27
Q

measures the number of platelets in a specified amount of blood

A

platelet count

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28
Q

determination of the number of erythrocytes in the blood

A

red blood cell count

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29
Q

usually part of a complete blood count

A

total hemoglobin test

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30
Q

determination of the number of leukocytes un the blood

A

white blood cell count

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31
Q

percentage of total white blood cell count; composed of each of the five types of leukocytes

A

white blood cell differential count

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32
Q

determines compatibility of donor blood and recipient blood before a blood transfusion

A

crossmatch tests

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33
Q

identifies high levels of inflammation within the body

A

C-reactive protein test

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34
Q

cholesterol test

A

lipid panel

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35
Q

coagulation test

A

prothrombin time

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36
Q

measures the ability of the liver to take up, process, and secrete bilirubin into the bile

A

serum bilirubin test

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37
Q

measures the pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels arterial blood

A

arterial blood gas analysis

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38
Q

looking at a single gene in a person’s DNA using blood, saliva, hair, amniotic fluid, or other tissue

A

genetic test

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39
Q

uses DNA to identify variants that may increases the risk of certain diseases or disorders; whole genome screening

A

genome testing

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40
Q

screens for urinary and systemic disorders

A

routine urinalysis

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41
Q

4.5 to 8.0 pH

A

normal pH of urine

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42
Q

below 7 pH

A

acidic urine; indication of acidosis

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43
Q

above 7 pH

A

alkaline urine; indication of UTI

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44
Q

low specific gravity (dilute urine)

A

diabetes insipidus

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45
Q

high specific gravity (concentrated urine)

A

dehydration, liver failure, shock

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46
Q

presence of the protein albumin in the urine

A

albuminuria

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47
Q

presence of calcium in the urine

A

calciuria

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48
Q

increased concentration of creatinine in the urine

A

creatinuria

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49
Q

presence of glucose in the urine

A

glycosuria

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50
Q

presence of blood in the urine

A

hematuria

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51
Q

presence of ketones in the urine

A

ketonuria

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52
Q

presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine

A

proteinuria

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53
Q

presence of pus in the urine

A

pyuria

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54
Q

identifies the cause of a UTI

A

urine culture and sensitivity test

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55
Q

examination of physical and chemical properties in stool

A

stool analysis

56
Q

tests for which bacteria are present in stool sample

A

stool gram stain

57
Q

looks for blood in the stool

A

stool guaiac test

58
Q

analyzes how much fat is in the stool sample to determine how well the body is digesting fat; determines if fat absorption functions of the pancreas and gallbladder are working

A

fecal fat test

59
Q

small, flexible tube with a light and lens on the end

A

endoscope

60
Q

examination of the interior of the abdomen; passed through a small incision

A

laparoscopy

61
Q

explore and examine interior of the abdomen; take specimens to be biopsied

A

laparoscopic procedures

62
Q

surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

A

abdominocentesis

63
Q

puncture of the joint space to remove synovial fluid

A

arthrocentesis

64
Q

puncture of a chamber of the heart for diagnosis or therapy

A

cardiocentesis

65
Q

puncture of the pericardial sac for the purpose of removing fluid

A

pericardiocentesis

66
Q

very fine needle inserted through the skin and into the intended fluid or tissue

A

fine-needle aspiration

67
Q

larger needle used to collect fluid and tissue

A

core needle biopsy

68
Q

does not allow x-rays to pass through

A

radiopaque

69
Q

air or nitrogen gas allow x-rays to pass through

A

radiolucent

70
Q

injected into a vein to make blood flow and organs visible

A

intravenous contrast medium

71
Q

compound used to visualize the gastrointestinal tract

A

barium

72
Q

using radiographic imaging to guide a procedure such as a biopsy

A

interventional radiology

73
Q

placement of the body and body part that is closest to the x-ray film

A

radiographic positioning

74
Q

film placed and exposed outside of the mouth for dental imagining

A

extraoral radiography

75
Q

shows all of the structures in both dental arches in a single film

A

panoramic radiograph

76
Q

film is placed within the mouth and exposed by a camera positioned next to the exterior of the cheek

A

intraoral radiography

77
Q

imaging that rotates around patient and produces multiple cross-sectional views of the body

A

CT can

78
Q

combination of radio waves and strong magnetic field

A

MRI

79
Q

helps located problems within blood vessels throughout the body

A

MRA

80
Q

visualization of body parts in motion; projects x-ray images

A

fluoroscopy

81
Q

evaluates fetal development and detects gallstones or blood clots; ultrasound or diagnostic ultrasound

A

ultrasonography

82
Q

image created by ultrasonography

A

sonogram

83
Q

used to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart

A

echocardiography

84
Q

used to evaluate heart structures; inserted through the mouth

A

transesophageal echocardiography

85
Q

medicine used for either diagnostic or treatment purposes and contain radioactive materials called radioisotopes

A

radiopharmaceuticals

86
Q

imaging that contains radionuclide tracers and emit gamma rays

A

nuclear imaging

87
Q

nuclear scan that identifies new ares of bone growth or breakdown

A

bone scan

88
Q

nuclear scan that uses radioactive iodine

A

thyroid scan

89
Q

produces 3D computer-reconstructed images; shows perfusion through tissues and organs (view the flow of blood through arteries and veins in the brain)

A

single photon emission computed tomography

90
Q

combines computed tomography with radionuclide tracers

A

PET scan

91
Q

designed to cut back on medication errors; eliminate some commonly confused abbreviations

A

Joint Commission “do not use” abbreviations

92
Q

can legally be dispensed only by a pharmacist with an order from a licensed professional

A

prescription drug

93
Q

can be purchased without a prescription

A

over-the-counter drug

94
Q

sold under the name given the drug by the manufacturer (Tylenol)

A

brand-name drug

95
Q

named for its chemical structure; not protected by a brand name or trademark (acetaminophen)

A

generic drug

96
Q

class of drugs that relieve pain without affecting consciousness

A

analgesics

97
Q

reduces pain and fever but does not relieve inflammation

A

acetaminophen

98
Q

control pain by reducing inflammation

A

non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

99
Q

medication applied to the skin

A

topical analgesics

100
Q

relieve pain in and near the mouth

A

oral analgesics

101
Q

device that delivers small electrical impulses

A

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

102
Q

vapors and gases taken in through the nose or mouth

A

inhalation administration

103
Q

medications taken by mouth

A

oral administration

104
Q

insertion of medication into the rectum

A

rectal administration

105
Q

placed under the tongue; allowed to dissolve slowly

A

sublingual administration

106
Q

administered from a patch applied to unbroken skin

A

transdermal medication

107
Q

injection made into the fatty layer of the skin; at a 45 degree angle

A

subcutaneous injection

108
Q

made into the middle layers (dermis) of the skin; at a 15 degree angle

A

intradermal injection

109
Q

made directly into the muscle tissue; at a 90 degree angle

A

intramuscular injection

110
Q

refers to products prescribed by a doctor that are not medications; may or may not be covered by insurance

A

durable medical equipment

111
Q

devices that a patient can use to track various signs and symptoms

A

wearable medical devices

112
Q

conventional (Western) medical practices and health care

A

allopathic medicine

113
Q

health care used in place of allopathic medicine

A

alternative medicine

114
Q

health care used to supplement allopathic approaches

A

complementary medicine

115
Q

both allopathic and alternative medicine

A

integrative medicine

116
Q

approach that considers the whole body and its environment

A

holistic

117
Q

actively working toward a state of being in good physical and mental health

A

wellness

118
Q

traditional Hindu system of medicine

A

Ayurvedic medicine

119
Q

ancient Chinese medicinal treatments

A

traditional Chinese medicine

120
Q

study of body movements and physical activity

A

kinesiology

121
Q

supporting the body’s own innate healing ability and the healing power of nature

A

naturopathy

122
Q

use of plants as a dietary supplement

A

herbal medicine/phytotherapy

123
Q

use of substances created from plant or mineral products diluted a thousand-fold in water or alcohol

A

homeopathy

124
Q

patient-guided treatment

A

biofeedback

125
Q

visualization treatment

A

guided imagery

126
Q

state of focused concentration

A

hypnosis

127
Q

awareness of thoughts, emotions, and physiological responses

A

mindfulness meditation

128
Q

touch therapy

A

acupressure

129
Q

treatment that uses small needles

A

acupuncture

130
Q

movement, breathing techniques, and meditation

A

Qi Gong or Tai Chi

131
Q

transfer of healing energy

A

Reiki

132
Q

mechanical spinal adjustment

A

chiropractic manipulative therapy

133
Q

used in conjunction with conventional medical therapies by an osteopath

A

osteopathic manipulative therapy

134
Q

craniosacral therapy: use of gentle touch to release tension, stress, and trauma

A

therapeutic massage

135
Q

soft tissue manipulation focusing on applying pressure to trigger points

A

neuromuscular therapy

136
Q

specialized soft tissue manipulation to ease pain

A

myofascial release

med term (7 decks)

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