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Systemic Disease in Dentistry > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe 4 reasons why skin disease is relevant to dentists

A
  1. Oral or lip conditions which need referral
  2. Skin disease may distress patients
  3. Skin cancer is very common and early pick up improves outcomes
  4. Recognition of disease can improve quality of life
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2
Q

Name 3 common oral conditions

A
  1. Stomatitis
  2. Burning Mouth Syndrome
  3. Dental Sinus
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3
Q

Name 5 causes of stomatitis

A
  1. Infection
  2. Inflammation
  3. Contact
  4. Drugs / Smoking
  5. Malignancy
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4
Q

Name 3 signs of inflammation of oral mucosa

A
  1. Pain
  2. Stinging
  3. Soreness
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5
Q

Name 4 signs of stomatitis

A
  1. Red patches
  2. Mouth ulcers
  3. Blisters
  4. Swelling
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6
Q

Name 3 infections which cause stomatitis

A
  1. Candidiasis
  2. Enterovirus
  3. HIV manifestations
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7
Q

Name 3 inflammatory causes of stomatitis

A
  1. Apthous ulceration
  2. IBD
  3. Lichen Planus
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8
Q

Name a drug which may cause stomatitis

A

Methotrexate

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9
Q

Name 2 types of malnutrition which may contribute to stomatitis

A
  1. Iron

2. Vitamin C

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10
Q

Name 3 types of irritation which may cause stomatitis

A
  1. Burns
  2. Poor hygeine
  3. Dentures
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11
Q

Describe the clinical symptoms of burning mouth syndrome

A
  • Oral pain
  • Abnormal taste
  • Dry mouth feeling
  • Normal clinical examination
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12
Q

Name 4 organic diseases to rule out when diagnosing burning mouth syndrome

A
  1. Malnutrition
  2. Xerostomia
  3. Poor dental hygeine
  4. Systemic conditions
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13
Q

What is a dental sinus?

A

Channel which develops from a chronic dental abscess intra orally or on facial skin

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14
Q

What is the usual treatment plan for dental sinus?

A

Extraction and antibiotics, with healing in 1-2 weeks

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15
Q

Name 3 causes of oral pigmentation

A
  1. Racial
  2. Medication
  3. Irritation and smoking
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16
Q

Describe a type of pigmentation which is important for an onward referral

A

Asymmetric localized pigmentation

17
Q

Name 4 types of common lip conditions

A
  1. Cheilitis
  2. Angioedema
  3. Infections
  4. Lesions
18
Q

Name 4 types of cheilitis

A
  1. Angular
  2. Eczematous
  3. Granulomatous
  4. Actinic
19
Q

What is the usual cause of angular cheilitis?

A

Vitamin defects

20
Q

What is the usual cause of eczematous cheilitis?

A

Eczema

21
Q

What is the usual cause of granulomatous cheilitis?

A

Linked to inflammatory bowel conditions

22
Q

What is the usual cause of actinic cheilitis?

A

Usually linked to UV exposure and increased risk of squamous melanoma

23
Q

Name 3 infections which may affect the lips

A
  1. HSV (Cold sores)
  2. HHV (Warts)
  3. Impetigo
24
Q

Name a vascular lesion affecting the lips

A

Venous lake

25
Q

Name 2 pigmented lesions of the lip

A
  1. Labial melanocytic macule (freckle - investigate if multiple present)
  2. Mucosal melanoma
26
Q

Name 4 common facial skin conditions

A
  1. Psoriasis
  2. Eczema
  3. Acne
  4. Rosacea
27
Q

Name 3 positives effects of sun exposure

A
  1. Vitamin D production
  2. Increased sense of wellbeing
  3. Increase in physical activity
28
Q

Name 4 disadvantages of skin exposure

A
  1. Sunburn
  2. Accelerated ageing of skin
  3. Skin cancer
  4. Aggravation of some skin disease
29
Q

Describe the UV index

A

1-2 - Low Risk (Unlikely to burn any skin)
3-4 - Low to Medium Risk (fair of sensitive skin at medium risk)
5-6 - High risk (majority individuals should use sun protection)
7-8 - High to very high risk (everyone should use sunscreen)
9-10 - Very high risk (individuals with brown / black skin at medium to high)

30
Q

Name 3 effects of photoageing

A
  1. Wrinkles and fragile skin
  2. Altered pigmentation
  3. Pre-malignancy and skin cancer
31
Q

Describe how the skin becomes wrinkled due to photoageing

A
  • Water content in skin is reduced
  • Skin thins and flattens
  • Reduced collagen and abnormal elastin
32
Q

Name 2 non-melanomas which may be caused by sun exposure

A
  1. Basal cell carcinoma

2. Squamous cell carcinoma

33
Q

Describe malignant melanoma caused by sun exposure

A
  • Pigmented form of skin cancer
  • Potentially fatal
  • Early diagnosis is key to survival
  • Mucosal melanoma is rare and found on hard palate
34
Q

Describe the pneumonic used for the early detection of melanoma

A

A - Asymmetry
B - Boarders (uneven boarders)
C - Colour (dark black or multiple coloured)
D - Diameter (over 6mm)
E - Evolving (change in size, shape or colour)

35
Q

Name 5 risk factors for melanoma

A
  1. Age
  2. Fair skin types
  3. Sunburn episode
  4. UV exposure
  5. Immunosuppression
36
Q

Describe sun protection advice

A
  • Avoid burn and frequent exposure
  • Slip, Slap, Slop
  • Shade between 11 and 3
  • Vitamin D replacement

Systemic Disease in Dentistry (22 decks)

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