Dermatologic Diseases Flashcards
Reddening of the skin due to localized vasodilation
Erythema
Intense itching sensation
pruritus
What is the most common cause of urticaria (hives)?
allergies
Erythematosus ring surrounding a central wheal
urticaria (hives)
Flat, clearly delineated borders, no redness, no elevation
Macules
elevated, firm, clear margins
papules
large, scaly lesions
plaques
dilated blood vessels
telangiectasia
elevated, clearly delineated, filled with white blood cells (neutrophils)
pustules
elevated, clearly delineated lesions, fluid filled
vesicles and bullae
Elevated center, erythematous ring
wheals
Lesion description categories (6)
1) Distribution
2) Arrangement
3) Shape
4) Color
5) Consistency and feel
6) Elevation
You diagnose a patient with Acne Rosacea, what treatment options would you present your patient with?
1) Laser
2) Topical medications
3) Oral antibiotics
You have a woman patient come into your exam room, you see that the T-zone of her face is very red and inflamed. You find out this patient has a disorder in the blood vessels and sebaceous glands. What inflammatory disorder does she have?
Acne Rosacea
What percent of rosacea patients have ocular manifestations like burning, stinging, and blurry vision?
33%
What infectious dermatologic disease is involved with an increase of androgens, most commonly in your teens, that affects the pilosebaceous unit and can cause follicular clogging, increased sebum production, and acne.
Acne Vulgaris
What is the main bacteria associated with acne vulgaris?
Propionibacterium Ances
What percent of the population is affected by Acne Vulgaris?
80-90%
You see a patient that has acne vulgaris, what general treatment options are there?
Topical agents
Oral antibiotics
You read that your patient has acne vulgaris, when walking into them exam room, what would you expect to see on their face?
papules
pustules
erythema
What percent of adults have acne vulgaris?
30% of adults
Bening, squamous hyperplasia due to HPV
Papilloma or Verrucae
Describe the appearance of squamous papilloma.
Skin tags
Rounded or pedunculated.
Describe the appearance of verrucae vulgaris.
Warts
Finger like projections
You have a patient that has papillomas and verrucae, what treatment options would you give your patient? (5)
Laser
Liquid nitrogen
Salicylic acid
Duct tape
May resolve on its own
Is Herpes Simplex Virus 1 above or below the belt?
Above the belt
What percent of people have HSV 1?
54%
What percent of people have HSV2?
16%
What treatment options for Herpes Simplex Virus?
Analgesics
Antivirals
What neurons are associated with HSV1?
Neurons in trigeminal ganglion
What neurons are associated with HSV2?
Neurons in sacral root ganglia
What can recurring HSV keratitis cause? (5)
Corneal scarring
Corneal thinning
Neovascularization
Decreased corneal sensation
Vision loss
What virus is associated with chicken pox?
Varicella Zoster Virus
What is chicken pox transmission?
Droplets or direct contact
Where does chicken pox lay dormant in the body?
Dorsal root ganglia
What is a latent infection of chickenpox called?
Shingles
You have a patient that has redness, fluid filled lesions on their trunk/waist. It does not cross over the midline and is unilateral. The patient feels burning, itching, and pain. What disease might this person have?
Herpes Zoster
You have a patient that has blood vessels present at the tip of their nose (hutchinsons sign), and a red rash that covers half of their face down the midline. What disease does this represent?
Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
fungal infections of the skin that causes color changes that look like white patch spots
Cutaneous mycoses
What kind of response is cutaneous mycoses associated with?
Cell-mediated response
A child comes in with vesicles, pustules, a yellowish crust, and fever. The mother tells you the child likes to play in the lake a lot and stays wet and dirty. What dermatologic disease would you suspect?
Impetigo
What is a treatment for angioedema?
Antihistamine
Epinephrine
Allergic reaction that results in rapid swelling of the skin
Angioedema
What is the most common cause of angioedema?
allergies
When the body is exposed to allergens, what is released that results in angioedema?
histamine
What type of sensitivity is contact dermatitis?
Type IV
What disorder is also known as “Cradle Cap”?
Seborrheic Dermatitis
