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Basic Pathology > Dermatologic Diseases > Flashcards

Dermatologic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Reddening of the skin due to localized vasodilation

A

Erythema

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2
Q

Intense itching sensation

A

pruritus

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3
Q

What is the most common cause of urticaria (hives)?

A

allergies

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4
Q

Erythematosus ring surrounding a central wheal

A

urticaria (hives)

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5
Q

Flat, clearly delineated borders, no redness, no elevation

A

Macules

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6
Q

elevated, firm, clear margins

A

papules

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7
Q

large, scaly lesions

A

plaques

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8
Q

dilated blood vessels

A

telangiectasia

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9
Q

elevated, clearly delineated, filled with white blood cells (neutrophils)

A

pustules

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10
Q

elevated, clearly delineated lesions, fluid filled

A

vesicles and bullae

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11
Q

Elevated center, erythematous ring

A

wheals

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12
Q

Lesion description categories (6)

A

1) Distribution
2) Arrangement
3) Shape
4) Color
5) Consistency and feel
6) Elevation

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13
Q

You diagnose a patient with Acne Rosacea, what treatment options would you present your patient with?

A

1) Laser
2) Topical medications
3) Oral antibiotics

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14
Q

You have a woman patient come into your exam room, you see that the T-zone of her face is very red and inflamed. You find out this patient has a disorder in the blood vessels and sebaceous glands. What inflammatory disorder does she have?

A

Acne Rosacea

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15
Q

What percent of rosacea patients have ocular manifestations like burning, stinging, and blurry vision?

A

33%

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16
Q

What infectious dermatologic disease is involved with an increase of androgens, most commonly in your teens, that affects the pilosebaceous unit and can cause follicular clogging, increased sebum production, and acne.

A

Acne Vulgaris

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17
Q

What is the main bacteria associated with acne vulgaris?

A

Propionibacterium Ances

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18
Q

What percent of the population is affected by Acne Vulgaris?

A

80-90%

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19
Q

You see a patient that has acne vulgaris, what general treatment options are there?

A

Topical agents
Oral antibiotics

20
Q

You read that your patient has acne vulgaris, when walking into them exam room, what would you expect to see on their face?

A

papules
pustules
erythema

21
Q

What percent of adults have acne vulgaris?

A

30% of adults

22
Q

Bening, squamous hyperplasia due to HPV

A

Papilloma or Verrucae

23
Q

Describe the appearance of squamous papilloma.

A

Skin tags
Rounded or pedunculated.

24
Q

Describe the appearance of verrucae vulgaris.

A

Warts
Finger like projections

25
Q

You have a patient that has papillomas and verrucae, what treatment options would you give your patient? (5)

A

Laser
Liquid nitrogen
Salicylic acid
Duct tape
May resolve on its own

26
Q

Is Herpes Simplex Virus 1 above or below the belt?

A

Above the belt

27
Q

What percent of people have HSV 1?

A

54%

28
Q

What percent of people have HSV2?

A

16%

29
Q

What treatment options for Herpes Simplex Virus?

A

Analgesics
Antivirals

30
Q

What neurons are associated with HSV1?

A

Neurons in trigeminal ganglion

31
Q

What neurons are associated with HSV2?

A

Neurons in sacral root ganglia

32
Q

What can recurring HSV keratitis cause? (5)

A

Corneal scarring
Corneal thinning
Neovascularization
Decreased corneal sensation
Vision loss

33
Q

What virus is associated with chicken pox?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus

34
Q

What is chicken pox transmission?

A

Droplets or direct contact

35
Q

Where does chicken pox lay dormant in the body?

A

Dorsal root ganglia

36
Q

What is a latent infection of chickenpox called?

A

Shingles

37
Q

You have a patient that has redness, fluid filled lesions on their trunk/waist. It does not cross over the midline and is unilateral. The patient feels burning, itching, and pain. What disease might this person have?

A

Herpes Zoster

38
Q

You have a patient that has blood vessels present at the tip of their nose (hutchinsons sign), and a red rash that covers half of their face down the midline. What disease does this represent?

A

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

39
Q

fungal infections of the skin that causes color changes that look like white patch spots

A

Cutaneous mycoses

40
Q

What kind of response is cutaneous mycoses associated with?

A

Cell-mediated response

41
Q

A child comes in with vesicles, pustules, a yellowish crust, and fever. The mother tells you the child likes to play in the lake a lot and stays wet and dirty. What dermatologic disease would you suspect?

A

Impetigo

42
Q

What is a treatment for angioedema?

A

Antihistamine
Epinephrine

43
Q

Allergic reaction that results in rapid swelling of the skin

A

Angioedema

44
Q

What is the most common cause of angioedema?

A

allergies

45
Q

When the body is exposed to allergens, what is released that results in angioedema?

A

histamine

46
Q

What type of sensitivity is contact dermatitis?

A

Type IV

47
Q

What disorder is also known as “Cradle Cap”?

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Basic Pathology (16 decks)

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