Derma - Cutaneous Infestation Flashcards
Initial manifestation of skin disorders
Primary lesions
Flat Primary lesions
Macule
Patch
Erythema
Erythroderma
Non-palpable
Color change
<1 cm
Macule
Tinea versicolor
Macule
An-an / Tinea versicolor
Macule
Large macule
> 1 cm
Patch
Vitiligo
Patch
Melasma
Patch
Blanchable
Dilation of BV in dermis (redness)
Erythema
Blanchable redness
Scaling and desquamation
Erythroderma
Raised primarylesions
Papule Plaque Nodule Wheal/ Hives Tumor Cyst Comedo Horn
< 1 cm, raised solid
Papule
Raised solid lesiosn, capped by scales
Papulosquamous
Molluscum contagiosum
Raised
Papule
Lichen nitidus
Raised
Papule
> 1 cm
Plateau like elevated lesion
Maceration, erosion, scale on surface
Epidermal only
Plaque
Similar papules
> 1cm
Rounded surface
Nodule
Histoid leprosy
Raised
Nodule
Nummular eczema
Raised
Plaque
Erythematous, edematous papule/plaque
Wheal
Prototype lesion of urticaria
Wheal
Oval, arcuate contour, pink to red edematous papule, surrounded a flare of macular erythema
Wheal
Is wheal evanescent
Yes
Solid, raised growth
>5 cm
Elevated or deep-seated, pedunculated
Tumor
Encapsulated with liquid/ semisolid contents
Cyst
Hair follicle infundibulum dilated and plugged with keratin and lipids
Comedo
Conical mass of cornified cells
Horn
Viral pathogen associated with corn
SCCA
HPV
Fluid filled primary lesions
Vesicle Bullae Pustule Furuncle Abscess
Fluid filled
< 1cm
Vesicle
Vesicles are rounded, acuminate, umbilicated
Eczema herpeticum
Vesicles are discrete, irregularly scattered, grouped
Herpes zoster
Linea vesicles
Allergic contact dermatitis from urushiol
Dishydrotic eczema
Primary lesion
Vesicle
Fluid filled
> 1cm
Rounded, or irregularly shaped blisters
Bullae
Bullae diagnostic maneuvers
Nikolsky’s sign
Asboe-Hansen sign
Diagnostic maneuver of putting lateral pressure and having the epithelium shear off
Nikolsky;s sign
Extension of a blister to adjacent unblistered skin when pressure is put on top of blister
Asboe-Hansen sign
Bullae that has irregular vegetations on the base
Pemphigus vegetans
Hemorrhagic bullae
Enumerate
Pemphigus
Herpes zoster
Severe bullous drug rxn
Lichen sclerosus
<1 cm or > 1cm
Contains pus
Usually have inflammatory areola (nipple?)
Pustule
Healing of pustule
No scarring
Infected pustule
Folliculitis
Sterile pustule
Pustular psoriasis
Sycosis barbae
Primary lesion
Pustule
Deep necrotizing folliculitis with suppuration
> 1cm
Inflammated follicle centered nodule with central necrotic plug and overyling pustule
Furuncle
Localized accumulation of pus in dermis and subcutaneous layer
Abscess
Dilated superficial BV
Telangiectasia
Occur subsequent to primary lesions
Secondary lesions
Depressed secondary lesions
Erosion Ulcer Atrophy Poikiloderma Striae Burrow Sclerosis
Partial loss of epidermis
Initially appears as vesicle or bullae
Erosion
Bullae of impetigo
Secondary lesion
Erosion
Full thickness loss of epidermis and some dermis
Ulcer
Healing erosin
No scarring
Ulcer healing
With scarring
Ecthyma
Secondary lesion
Ulcer
Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Secondary lesion
Ulcer
Depression of the surface due to thinning of the epidermis or dermis
Atrophy
Acne pits
Secondary lesion
Atrophy
Triad of poikiloderma
Pigmentation
Atrophy
Telangiectasia
Mottled appearance
Linear depression of the skin
Striae
Thread-like tunnel through the outer portion of epidermis by parasites
Burrow
Hardening/ induration of skin
Sclerosis
Change inskin due to trauma/ inflammation
New connectve tissue that replaced the lost substance in the dermis or deeper
Secondary lesion
Scar
Raised
Secondary lesion
Scar
Surface change
Secondary lesion
Fissure Scales/exfoliation Crusts/scabs Excoriation/ scratch marks Lichenificaton Keratoderma
Linear tear in the epidermis/ dermis due to abnormal skin keratin
Increase tension
Decrease elasticity
Fissure
Fissure common in these sites
Palms/soles
Dry/greasy laminated mass of keratin
Scales/ exfoliation
Cradle cap
Yellowish greasy
Seborrheic dermatitis
Scale
Silvery white
Psoriasis
Fine, delicate, branny scales
Tinea versicolor
Coarse scales
Eczema, ichthyosis
Large sheets of desquamated epidermis
TEN toxic epidermal necrolysis
SSSS
Scarlet fever
pemphigus
Secondary lesion
Bullae
Herpes zoster
Secondary lesion
Bullae
Lichen sclerosus
Secondary lesion
Bullae
Hardened serum, pus, blood mixed with epithelial cells & bacterial debris
Pus: yellow green
Blood: reddish black
Serum: yellow brown
Crusts/scabs
Impetigo contagiosa
Secondary lesion
Golden yelow crusts/scabs
Third degree burns
Secondary lesion
Crusts/scabs
Late syphillis
Secondary lesion
Crusts
Lamellated, elevated, brown black green masses
Ostaceous crusts/rupia
Crusts
Punctate or linear abrasion due to mechanical means
Excoriation/ scratch marks
Thickening of skin
Accentuated skin fold markings
Lichenification
Chronic eczema
Secondary lesion
Lichenification
Lichen simplex chronicus
Secondary lesion
Lichenification
Excessive hyperkeratosis of stratum corneum
Keratoderma
Yellowish thickening of skin
Palms and soles
Keratoderma
is a skin condition characterized as the thickening of the outer layer of the skin (hyperkeratosis) of the palms and soles of the feet; this usually occurs with at the start of menopause.
Haxthausen’s disease/
Keratoderma climactericum
Erythematous plaques with silver white scales on elbows
Psoriasis
Grouped vesicles on an erythematous base
HSV 1
Umbilicated papule
Molluscum contagiosum
Hypopigmented patch and macules
Tinea versicolor
Annular plaque/ patch with erythematous border with scaling
Tinea corporis
Arrangement of lesions
HSV-1 arthropod bites
Grouped/ herpetiform
Breakfast-lunch-and-dinner sign
Arthropod bites
Small lesions arranged around a large one
Corymbose arrangement
Arrangement of lesions
Scabies
Scattered
Arrangement of lesions
Pityriasus rosea
Scattered
Shape of skin lesions
Annular Round/ nummular Arcuate Umbilicated Targetoid Linear Reticular Serpiginous Whorled Polycyclic
Arrangment of lesions
Individual
Grouped/herpetiform
Scattered
Corymbose arrangement
Distribution of lesions
Zosteriform Blaschkoid Lymphangitic Photodistributed Sun protected Truncal Acral Extensor Flexor Localized Intertriginous Generalized Bilateral symmetric Universal
Extend
Pattern
Characteristic location
3 major characteristic of lesions
Color
Consistency
Anatomic components of skin affected
Proper way of reporting dermatologic lesions
Color Shape Type of primary lesion Secondary lesion Location
Hair loss
Alopecia
Violaceous to purple
Polygonal lesions
Lichenoid
Small, firm, white papules
Filled with keratin
Milia
Rash that looks like measles.
Macular lesions that are red
2-10 mm
Confluent in places
Morbilliform
Most common symptom of inflammatory skin diseases
Pruritus
Elderly skin associated with
Xerosis and aged skin
Single 2-4 mm macule
Becomes vesicular or pustular
Ruptures forming honey colored crusts
Direct extension coalesced macules / patches
Impetigo contagiosa
Tzanck to detect
Virus
Dark field to detec
Spirochetes
Ink burrow to detect
Parasites (scabies mite)
Ring-shaped lesions
Erythematous elevated border with central clearing
Annular
Coin shaped
Round , nummular
Arc shape
Arcuate
Depression inc enter
Umbilicated
Target like with 3 distinc zones
Targetoid
Band-like
Koebner phenomenon
Linear
Net like
Lacy
Reticular
Snake like
Wavy
Serpiginous
2 distinct colors interspersed in a wavy pattern
Whorled
Coalescing rings/ incomplete rings
Polycyclic
Shape
Tinea corporis
Annular
Shape
Nummular eczema
Round
Shape
Granuloma annulate
Annular
Discoid lupus Shape
Round
Molluscum contagiosum
Shape
Umbilicated
Shape
Erythema multiforme
Targetoid
Shape
Lichen plannus
Linear
Shape
Livedo reticularis
Reticular
Cutis marmorata Shape
Reticular
Cutaneous larva migrans
Shape
Serpiginous
Hypomelanosis of Ito
Shape
Whorled
Urticaria
Polycyclic
Subacute lupus erythematosus
Polycyclic
