Applied Nutrition - Introduction Flashcards
Is the condition of the body resulting from the consumption and utilization of nutrients
Nutritional status
State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease
Health
It is a pathological state resulting from a relative lack or absolute deficiency or excess of one or more essential nutrients
Malnutrition
4 types of malnutrition
Undernutrition
Specific nutrient deficiency
Overnutrition
Nutrient imbalance
It is the science that deals with the use of foods to help in the recovery from specific diseases
Diet therapy
It is a normal diet that is qualitatively and/or quantitatively modified to help in the recory from a specific disease
Therapeutic diet
Adequate diet that furnishes the body with all the nutrients necessary for the growth and repair of tissues and the normal functioning of the organs
Normal diet
Indications for inc the caloric content of diet
Growth Pregnancy or lactation Convalescence Marasmus/ kwashiorkor Hyperthyroidism Fever/infections
Some diseases that require inc caloric intake
Nephrosis
Acute glomerulonephritis
Acute hepatitis
Surgical conditions
Ave adult afebrile Filipino patient at bed rest with minor injury or illness can maintain caloric balance by intake of
1600 cal/day
Disease with tendency to lose protein
How much calories should be added to maintain nitrogen balance
50-100% more calories
How to determine energy requirement of individual:
Cal/kg/day
% inc over basal demands
Macromolecule
Maintenance of growth
Protein
Fuel
Macromolecule
Carbohydrate
Macromolecule
Protection of nerves
Fats
Macromolecule
Regulation of body processes
Protein
Macromolecule
Body secretion
Protein
Macromolecule
Normal osmotic relations
Protein
Protein sparer
Carbohydrates, fats
Allows normal fat metabolism
Carbs
Maintains fx integrity of CNS
Carbs
Shock absorber
Fats
Strengthens membrane structure
Fat
Body insulator
Fat
Precursor of nucleic acid, connective tissue matrix
Carbs
Excretion of chemical and bacterial toxins
Carbs
Aid in normal elimination of waste materials
Carbs
Promote growth of coliform bacteria in GIT
Carbs
Lubricant for GIT
Fat
Carrier for fat soluble vitamins
Fat
RENI proteins
10-15% (15%)
Carbohydrate reni
50-70% (60%)
RENI Fat
20-30% (25%)
Patients who require inc. protein
>10 days hospitalization Burns Exudates Ascites Renal diseases Hepatic disease`
Typical filipino diet
Macromolecules composition
High in carbohydrats, marginal protein, low fat
Limiting AA in rice is
Lysine
Risk of using fat as source of energy
Ketoacidosis
Levels of intake of energy and nutrients which on the basis of current scientific knowledge, are considered adequate for the maintenance of health and well-being of nearly all healthy persons in the population
RENI
Inorganic elements
Minerals
__% of body is made up of minerals
4%
Skeletal structures contain mostly of the ff minerals
Ca, Mg, Phosphorus
Major extracellular anion
Chloride
Major intracellular cation
Potassium
Major intracellular anion
Bicarbonate
Neuromascular irritability minerals
Ca
Mg
Na
K
Cofactor mineral
Amylase
Chloride
Cofactor mineral
Carbonic anhydrase
Zinc
Cytochrome oxidase
Copper
Cofactor mineral
Cytochromes
Iron
Required mineral
Insulin
Chromium
Required mineral
Gluthathione peroxidase
Selenium
Required mineral
Vit B 12
Cobalt
Component of cysteine and methionine
Sulfur
Required mineral
DNA RNA
Phosphorus
