Derm/Ophtho/Repro Flashcards
Treatment for superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome?)
Supportive care; ample amino acid provision (egg yolk, high protein diet); zinc; address secondary skin infections
Hepatucutaneous syndrome is inheritable in what breed of dog?
Shih Tzu (JAVMA 2016)
Which was associated with less frequently reported (by owners) signs of allergy or atopy out of a study of dogs in Finland?
-Eating fruits
-Eating dried animal parts
-Eating raw organ meats
- Drinking from puddles
Eating raw organ meats (others include fish oil supplements, raw tripe, human meal leftovers)..all the others were associated with higher incidence (JVIM 2021)
What was the incidence of middle ear infection in dogs with middle ear effusion? If bacterial infection noted, what was most common bacteria?
20% (6/28); 4/6 of these were Staph pseud (JVIM 2021)
Saliva, but not serum, antigen tests for food allergy was accurate in dogs. T/F?
False - both are not accurate (18-30/30 healthy dogs tested positive for food allergy) - JAVMA 2019
Rate of recurrence of middle ear polyps after removal with traction avulsion in cats?
14%(experienced) to 35% (less experienced) - JFMS 2017
Most common bacterial infection in otitis interna in cats? What % of these had normal otoscopic examination?
Pasteurella multocida (24%) - almost half (47%) had normal otoscopic exam (JFMS 2019)
Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis is associate with what breeds?
Sphynx and Devon Rex (JFMS 2019)
Maropitant may have some efficacy in addressing feline pruritus not associated with FAD or CAFR. T/F?
True JFMS 2019
Benign skin masses were more likely to occur in dogs on Apoquel than dogs not exposed. T/F?
False - there was no increase in incidence of malignancies or skin masses in dogs on Apoquel vs not. (However paper still recommended monitoring given FDA warning). JAVMA 2020
Glycopyrrolate injection will cause what change to STT?
Decrease (JAVMA 2016)
What is the most common type of primary glaucoma in the dog?
Primary angle closure glaucoma (JAVMA 2017)
Uveodermatologic syndrome is commonly known to occur in what dog breed?
Akita (JAVMA 2018)
What % of dogs with uveodermatologic syndrome had glaucoma?
36% (JAVMA 2018) (can regain vision, 50% of all dogs in study - not just dogs that had glaucoma - had vision at final visit)
A menace response frequently fails in a healthy cat if if the contralateral is not covered. T/F?
False - 40% of healthy cats failed menace response WHEN the other eye was covered (JFMS 2019)
STT can be performed in cats with or without stimulation, and 30 seconds can be considered. T/F?
True - JAVMA 2020
Reliability of nontrained veterinarian to detect fundic abnormalities in a hypertensive cat with no vision?
100% JFMS 2021
Most prevalent ocular disorders in brachycephalic dogs?
corneal ulcers, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, corneal pigmentation, immature cataracts, and uveitis - JAVMA 2021 (66% of diseases were found in cornea or adnexa)
Which of the following increased in late pregnancy in dogs?
Cobalamin
Transferrin
PCV
Transferrin (and serum iron) - JVIM 2019; this is unlike humans (the others decreased)
Best test(s) to send out on a dog suspected to have ovarian remnant syndrome
AMH AND P4 (JAVMA 2019) - do not both have to be positive but if both negative then should not have ovarian remnant
A gonadotropin-releasing hormone-based vaccine was what % effective for 1 year in a colony of cats?
30% (not enough) - JFMS 2018
How does a GnRH agonist affect reproductive system in cats?
Prolonged GnRH will result in desensitization of receptors > lack of synthesis and/or release of FSH and LH (JFMS 2017) [can postpone puberty and suppress sexual behavior in tomcats]
Was a 9.4 mg deslorein implant in male cat effective for longer than 4.7 mg implant?
yes (JFMS 2019)
Significance of progestins in female cat repro?
temporary/reversible control of cat repro cycle
Adverse effects of progestin administration?
Mammary hyperplasia, diabetes, cystic endometrial hyperplasia
What was efficacy of mid-pregnancy termination in cats with aglepristone + misoprostol?
100% (JFMS 2019) (Efficacy was 71.4% in the AGL group, 0% in the low dose MIS group, 57% in the high dose MIS group)
What was efficacy of late-pregnancy termination in cats with aglepristone + cloprostenol (PGF2a)?
100% (with agle alone it was 80%) - JFMS 2020
How does aglepristone work?
binds uterine progesterone (P4) receptor with 10x affinity as native P4
A low LH is consistent with which of the following in cats?
- Post mating
- Castration
- Intact female
Intact female, LH is high in all of the other cases (JFMS 2019)
Fundic changes consistent with progressive retinal atrophy? Clinical course of disease? Distinguish from SARDS?
Hyper-reflective tapetum with attenuated vessels. Night vision loss initially. SARDS is sudden loss with generally normal fundic examination.
Hypertensive retinopathy can be reversed if blood pressure is controlled within what amount of time?
7-10d
Minimum antibiotic regimen for deep pyoderma?
6-8w
Breeds impacted by dermatomyositis? What myopathy signs can manifest? Treatment?
Collies, Shelties. Myopathy may not be present, or can include muscles of mastication, lameness, high-stepping gait, mega-esophagus. Tx: Pentoxifylline and Vitamin E +/- pred or cyclosporine in severe cases
Symptomatic treatments for calcinosis cutis?
Address any pruritic cause (pyoderma, dermatophytosis, demodicosis), withdraw steroids or address Cushing’s, oatmeal shampoo or DMSO gel or low potency steroid cream to edges of pruritic lesions
Nasal planum depigmentation and scaling with no nasal signs or other cutaneous disease is consistent with what autoimmune disorder?
Discoid/cutaneous lupus erythematous most likely, possible to be early form of pemphigus foliaceus or pemphigus erythematous but generally more crusting noted (crusting can occur in severe cases of DLE as well)
Differentials for autoimmune dermatologic disorders that do not necessarily target mucocutaneous or mucosa regions (as in - can involve them but are not exclusive to them) are:
Cutaneous vasculitis, erythema multiform, toxic epidermal necrolysis
Acantholytic cells are generally seen with which type of immune-mediated disease?
pemphigus or other severe immune mediated disease (although severe bacterial infections and dermatophytosis can also cause this)
