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year 2 misc > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between pemphigoid and pemphigus

A

Pemiphigoid- autoantibodies made against basement antigens causing DEJ splitting
Pemphigus- autoantibodies against protein demsogloein that connects epithelial cells together

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2
Q

What immune reaction is contact irritant dermatitis

A

Delayed type IV hypersensitivity mediated by T-lymphocytes

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3
Q

Where do acral lentignous melanomas occur

A

soles, palms and nail beds

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4
Q

What does eczema herpeticum look like

A

Characterised by fever, small punched out erosions

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5
Q

1st line for rosacea

A

Ivermectin then metranidazole if contraindicated

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6
Q

Which layer do keratinocyte stem cells generate

A

Stratum basale

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7
Q

What layer is only present in thick skin

A

Stratum lucidum

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8
Q

What is the stratum corneum

A

Dead denucleated keratinised cells that shed off

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9
Q

What collagen fibres compose the dermis

A

Type 1 and type 3 collagen fibres

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10
Q

Where do melanocytes come from

A

Neural crest in stratum basale

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11
Q

What condition is nikolsky sign negative

A

Bullous pemphigoid as it is deeper

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12
Q

What is erysipelas

A

From of superficial cellulitis affecting upper layers of dermis usually due to insect bite

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13
Q

SCC with a diameter of ? is associated with poor prognostic outcomes?

A

> 20mm

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14
Q

Treatment of psoriasis

A

1st line- potent steroid and vit d

2nd- if getting worse remove steroids and give vit 2 alone x2 a day

3rd- still worse give steroids x2day

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15
Q

What is guttate psoriasis

A

Reactive psoariais to strep B infection

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16
Q

Describe lichen planus

A

Disease of Ps:
Purple, pruritic, polygonal papuluous on flexural surface. Mx- topicals

17
Q

Describe bullous pemphigoid

A

Anti-hemidesmosome antibodies (IgG) react with hemidesmosomes below the junction (type 2 hypersensitivity), cysts not popped, older people.
IgG and complement deposition around the basement membrane

Mx- steroids, tetracycline abx

18
Q

Describe pemphigus vulgaris

A

IgG antibodies against desmosomal proteins leads to loss of keratinocyte adhesion in skin and mucous membranes. Causes superficial blistering- antibodies on surface.
Cysts popped, younger people. nikolsky sign positive
Biopsy- chicken wire deposition of IgG in epidermis
MM- topics steroids and topical

19
Q

What is the reticular layer of the dermis

A

Hair roots, apocrine and eccrine glands, nerve endings, blood vessels. It is deep to the papillary dermis

20
Q

Clinical presentation of NF

A
  • Cafe au lait macules
  • Neurofibromas
  • Plexiform neuroma - diffuse
  • Axillary or inguinal freckling
  • Optic glioma
  • 2 or more Lisch nodules
  • Distinctive bony lesion
21
Q

What antibodies are associated with drug induced lupus

A

Anti-histone antibodies

22
Q

What is erythema nodosum commonly caused by

A

Crohns disease

23
Q

What is the fifth layer of skin only present in thick skin

A

Stratum Lucidum

24
Q

What metabolism happens in the skin

A

Vit D metabolism:
Thyroid hormone metabolism

25
Q

What drug usually causes a maculopapular drug eruption

A

Penicillin

26
Q

Ash leafed macules

A

Tuberous sclerosis

27
Q

mnemomic for skin layers

A

‘British and spanish grannies love cornflakes’
Deep to superficial:
Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum

28
Q

What are basal cells

A

Cuboidal stem cells that are precursors to keratinocytes

29
Q

Where are keratinocytes found dead

A

In the corneum

30
Q

Which layer are langerhan cells found

A

Spinosum layer

31
Q

Which layer are merkel cells found

A

Basale layer between keratinocytes and nerve fibres.

32
Q

What are dermal papilla

A

Dermal connective tissue that increase connections between the layers

33
Q

Where does acral lentiginous melanoma occur

A

Palms, sole, under nails. Most common in dark skinned patients

year 2 misc (12 decks)

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