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CPHM > DEMOGRAPHY > Flashcards

DEMOGRAPHY Flashcards

1
Q

the empirical and statistical and mathematical study of human populations. It focuses its attention into 3 human phenomena namely: population size, its composition or structure and spatial distribution.

A

DEMOGRAPHY-

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2
Q

3 Factors Causing population Changes in its Size

A
  1. Natality
  2. Mortality
  3. Migration
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3
Q
  • pertains to all measurable characteristics of the people who make up a given population.
  • Includes age, sex, marital status, occupation and education.
A

Population Composition

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4
Q

total process of collecting, compiling and publishing demographic, economic and social data pertaining,
at a specified time or times, to all persons in the country or delimited territory.

A

Census

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5
Q

Socio-demographic Variables being taken during Census

A
  1. Age
  2. Sex
  3. Race or ethnic origin
  4. Number of children ever born
  5. Literacy or educational attainment
  6. Marital Status
  7. Place of Birth
  8. Occupation
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6
Q

2 WAYS OF ALLOCATING PEOPLE ENUMERATED DURING CENSUS

A

a. De Jure Method
b. De facto method

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7
Q

where individuals are assigned to the place of their usual residence regardless of where they were actually enumerated during the census.

A

De Jure Method

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8
Q

where people are allocated to the areas where they were physically present at the censu date regardless of where they usually live.

A

De facto method

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9
Q

deal with continuous recording of vital events like births, deaths, marriages, adoptions, divorces and annulments as they occur in the population.

A

Vital registration systems

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10
Q

provide for a continuous recording of information about the population in such a manner that data on particular events that occur to each individual in a population , as well as in selected characteristics describing him are maintained on a current basis.

A

Continuing population registers

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11
Q

are the absolute numbers of a population or any demographic event occuring in a specified area during a specified time period.

A

Counts

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12
Q

a single number that represents the relative size of two numbers. It usually takes the form: a/b (k).

A

Ratio

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13
Q

special type of ratio in which numerator is part of the denominator. It takes the form: a/a+b (k).
*When k=100, the proportion becomes a percentage.

A

Proportion

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14
Q

refers to the frequency of occurrence of events over a given interval of time. Rates are very useful when events being studied are dynamic.

A

Rate

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15
Q

compares the number of male individuals to the number of females in the population.

A

Sex Ratio

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16
Q

Sex Ratio=

A

number of males / Number of females x 100

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17
Q

can be determined by computing for the sex ratio of each age group.

A

Sex Structure

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18
Q

provides an index of age-induced economic drain on manpower resources.. This ratio relates the size of dependent segment of the population to the economically productive age group of the population.

A

Age-Dependency Ratio

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19
Q

Age-Dependency Ratio=

A

number of persons 0-14 years old + number of persons aged 65 years and over / Number of persons 15-64 years old x 100

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20
Q

graphic way of describing the age and sex composition of the population.

A

POPULATION PYRAMID

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21
Q

average number of years an infant is expected to live under the mortality conditions for a given year.

A

=Life Expectancy at Birth

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22
Q

DESCRIBING THE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

A
  1. Urban-Rural Distribution
  2. Crowding Index
23
Q

can be computed by dividing the total number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the house.

A

Crowding Index-

24
Q

difference between the number of births and the number of deaths which occurred in a specific population within a specified period of time.

A

Natural Increase

25
Q

measure that is the result when the natural increase is expressed relative to the population size. It represents the difference between the Crude Birth Rate and the Crude Death Rate of a specific population within a specified time period.

A

Rate of Natural Increase

26
Q

measures the average number of people added to the population per year.

A

Absolute Increase per year

27
Q

Absolute increase per year (b)=

A

Population size at a latter time – Population size at an initial time / Number of years between initial time and latter time

28
Q

the actual difference between the two census counts expressed in percent relative to the population size during the earlier census.

A

Relative Increase

29
Q

Relative increase=

A

Pt-Po / Pox 100

30
Q

also known as inflow-outflow or the balancing equation method.

A

Component Method-

31
Q

Pt=

A

Po + (B+D) + (I+D)

32
Q

B=

A

number of births occuring during the interval o and t

33
Q

D=

A

number of deaths occuring during the same interval

34
Q

I=

A

number of in-migrants between time o and t

35
Q

O=

A

number of out-migrants between time o and t

36
Q

classified into 3 subtypes depending on the assumption that one wishes to make with regard to the nature of the population growth that occurs.

A

Mathematical Method-

37
Q

assumes that an equal amount of absolute change occurs in the population every year

A

Arithmetic method

38
Q

assumes that a constant rate of increase or decrease occurs over each unit of time, usually a year.

39
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE FOR A FUTURE DATE
Arithmetic Method

A

Pt= Po + bt

40
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE FOR A FUTURE DATE
Geometric Method

A

Pt= Po (1+r)t

41
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE FOR A FUTURE DATE
Exponential Method

A

Pt= Po ert

42
Q

where e is the mathematical constant equivalent to

43
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE ON A PREVIOUS DATE
a. Arithmetic Method

A

Po= Pt - bt

44
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE ON A PREVIOUS DATE
b. Geometric Method

A

Po= Pt / (1+r)t

45
Q

ESTIMATION OF POPULATION SIZE ON A PREVIOUS DATE
c. Exponential Method

A

Po= Pt / e
rt

46
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE ABSOLUTE INCREASE PER YEAR (b) or the CONSTANT RATE OF GROWTH
a. Arithmetic Method

A

b= Pt – Po / t

47
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE ABSOLUTE INCREASE PER YEAR (b) or the CONSTANT RATE OF GROWTH
b. Geometric Method

A

r = t√ Pt/ Po -1

48
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE ABSOLUTE INCREASE PER YEAR (b) or the CONSTANT RATE OF GROWTH
c. Exponential Method

A

r= ln (Pt / Po ) / t

49
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE AMOUNT OF TIME (t) IT TAKES FOR A POPULATION TO REACH A CERTAIN NUMBER (Pt)
a. Arithmetic Method

A

t= Pt – Po / b

50
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE AMOUNT OF TIME (t) IT TAKES FOR A POPULATION TO REACH A CERTAIN NUMBER (Pt)
b. Geometric Method

A

t= ln (Pt/Po) / ln (1 +r)

51
Q

ESTIMATION OF THE AMOUNT OF TIME (t) IT TAKES FOR A POPULATION TO REACH A CERTAIN NUMBER (Pt)
c. Exponential Method

A

t= ln (Pt/Po) / r

52
Q

ESTIMATION OF DOUBLING TIME
a. Arithmetic Method

A

t*= Po / b

53
Q

ESTIMATION OF DOUBLING TIME
b. Geometric Method

A

t*= ln (2) / ln (1+r)

54
Q

ESTIMATION OF DOUBLING TIME
c. Exponential method

A

t*= ln (2) / r

CPHM (12 decks)

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