Delirium, Dementia, and Other Cognitive Disorders

Question 1

Delirium occurs in __-___% of hospitalized individuals depending on the related medical condition

Answer 1

10-25

Question 2

Delirium lasts for about how long?

Answer 2

Hours to days

Question 3

What can cause delirium?

Answer 3

Brain dysfunction, medication, endocrine disorders, cardiac disorders, fever, liver function disorders.

Question 4

What are reversible causes of mental confusion?

Answer 4

Age-related losses in hearing, touch, etc., sensory overload or deprivation, loss of environmental cues to aid in orientation, drug interactions/misuse, infections/inflammation, metabolic problems like liver or kidney disease, dehydration, poorly controlled diabetes

Question 5

T or F: Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia are the most common

Answer 5

True

Question 6

T or F: Amnesic disorders cause difficulty with memory only

Answer 6

True

Question 7

What can cause amnesic disorders?

Answer 7

CVA, M.S, Korsakoff’s syndrome, alcoholic blackouts, electroconvulsive therapy, TBI, transient global amnesia

Question 8

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 1

Answer 8

No disability notes

Question 9

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 2

Answer 9

The person complains about forgetting normal age-related information (location of objects, keys, wallet, etc.)

Question 10

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 3

Answer 10

Beginning signs and deficits are noted in this stage

Question 11

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 4

Answer 11

Deficits noted in all ADLs, but can still perform simple, repetitive ADLs independently.

Can live at home WITH support

Difficulty with word finding, being forgetful

Unable to perform familiar, challenging activities, or follow and sequence written cues.

Question 12

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 5

Answer 12

Unable to drive safely, correct cues and assist needed to perform ADL and some IADLs

Forgets hygiene,

Poor judgement and difficulty with decision making

Question 13

Reisburg’s stages for dementia: Stage 6

Answer 13

Hand over hand cues needed
Can perform components of familiar tasks
Cannot speak in full sentences
Incontinent
Significant deficits in following 2 step tasks.
Cannot sequence ADL steps

Question 14

True or False: Reality orientation is an effective approach for treating an individual with dementia

Answer 14

False

Question 15

True or false: Using full length mirrors to camouflage exit doorways is an appropriate strategy for decreasing wandering behaviors in an individual with dementia.

Answer 15

True