Definitions Flashcards
What was Stalin hoping to achieve from his foreign policy - 1928-41
Dr Kocho-Williams
- aims
=one Clare aim to avoid Soviet Union drawing into a war which he was convinced from 1920 was on horizeon
war became realistic with rupture of policies with Britain and rise of nazi Germany
Stalin keen to void ward through defensive alliance eg multilateral
creating web of alliance or one
agreement with nazi Germany but was not aim until 1949
aware it was inevitable that the orient war would have to fight
1928-soviet union was in no position to fight
1927 capitalistic period in which they could not fight a war
1939- alliance with Germany after as Ku and France doesn’t materialize
industrialisation - 50-100 years behind and security needed to e established
looking at defensive alliances and catch up industrial and militarily
=worldrevolution which became marginalisedby 1930s
Still important for policy
Only for show to keep European happy
Represented real strand of foreign policy to enduldge foreign communists alongside the ussr
Aims don’t stay constant throughout as they are unable to co-exist
State security most important by end of 1930s
-achievement
1928- domestically created great break/ turn to revolutionaries the industry and upgrade agriculture for plan of 5 year plans
rise of fascist state in 1920s
Intense campaign against socialist and liberals for rise of fascism instead of preventing
Comintern show policy at its peak in third term and becomes more militant - begins to attack those who supported social fascism and impacts relationships ussr are able to form
Campaign against those who supported racist states
Kelli Brian’s pact- 1929 was signed and suggested signatures to the treaties would go for armed conflict
\if all states put away their arms then war cannot go ahead however became useless as it was only a hope that war was impractical and impossible
Soviet foreign policy next step- creation of a system through treaties and agreements to safeguard=are against war Germany bring to Europe in 1933 which was hitlrer rise as he became chancellor
1934 join league of natuons ussr as he prioritized first aim to Bering around security
Organization who aims for discussion and peace to avoid war
May 1935- pact with France and Czechoslovakia to secure treaties to garauntee security and proved important in 1938 when hitler invaded Czech but wouldn’t come to its support unless France did
Czech is invaded
Politicizes changed towards th United France and against fascism
Popular fronswho were social fascists and he wanted to move towards the Comintern eg them
Treaty of Versailles Stalin wanted to show his power by confronting and aligning
Spanish civil war
=aug 1936 war broke out
Stalin thought between ideology and border with Spain war
Plan conducted under operation act X and were sent secret support
Comintern advisors wer used for decisions and organization
Anti Comintern pac between Germany and japan 1936 and Italy in 1937 - don’t support anti fascist forces
1938- invade Czech with Italy France and Britain - excluded - Munich cnnference
Britinana dfrnace shown to appease rather than oppose Stalin
Britain and France trying to push hitler est to into soviet war with Russia rather than them
Litvinov - triple alliance with Britain France and ussr (1939)
Aug 1939- proposed alliances hit Germany
proposed but hitler broke for in 1941 -Munich agreement
Molotov replaced litvinov in april1939 as foreign minister an dis a lot harder n attitude
West like litvinov
Nazi - soviet pact was the last option home for security collectively
Gave Soviet Union benefit of territorial gains and development of Miley cpabilites
June 1941-
Success of foreign policy—
10 year sot develop and successfully stay it of ww2 untila ttcaked y Germany
Able to build defensive and economic during patriotic wa
Some but not all of socialist facility was eliminate d
Weak
Policies too harmful to overcome in third term- Comintern labels of socialist fascist
Unworkable collective security system had a lack of support
Britain and frnacewere wary fo becoming involve and had concerns of where Soviet Union would honor the agreement and unions ability to fight as by 193775% of soviet offere courp being eliminated and purged
After 1941 line forces
Great deal of pragmatic sense and kept union out of war
Territorial gains for buffer and economic gains
1940– soviet wanted to gain more but Germany unable to give
June 1941- Germany invaded where ussr lost most of land and resources
Space to build socialism
Problematic but pragmatic 9prcatical)
Needed to keep Soviet Union out to build up for war- world revolution becomes marginalized after 1939 with war outbreak - security programmeof collective security concluded alliance and pacts
France and Britain did not see ussr as ally
Failure to solve issues of 1930s- 1939- union makes pragmatic move after loss and ussr has n choice but for a soviet- nazi pact as it had lost all and was the only pragmatic move - another’s options wer tried howver failed an was only available option to meet needs
