Deference and statecraft Flashcards
who is the lecture based on
Robert J. Art
what is fungibility
the ability to translate power from one issue to an other area
what, sometimes, isnt fungible because it is disproportionate
power
an exemple of fungibility
using military power to negotiate trade term
why power can be fungible
- issue linkage
2. spillover
what is issue linkage
state interact simultaneously in many different issue area and can therefore make trades between area
what is spillover
Advantage in one instrument of power, particularly security, give states enforcement and credibility advantages in other issue area
why does embargoes and blockades fail
- states are usually able to shift the burden of suffering to disenfranchised or non-elite element of society
- sanctions demanding losses of territory are believed to be a) irreversable b) cumulative
for what policies embargoes and blockades work best
minor policies
what are the four function of force
- defence
- deterrence
- compellence
- swaggering
what are exemple of defense
attack for territorial conquest, destruction of an enemy military force
what is preemtive war
first strike advantage
what is preventive war
move before the balance of forces move against you
are the aggressor always the one who attack first
no
what is deterrence
the threat of punishment or cost design to deter an opponent form making offensive moves
what is the goal of deterrence
prevent war form happening not necessarily to win it
what is rational deterrence theory
estimate when deterrence succeeds or fails
what are the 3 necessary causes for RDT to succeed
- capability
- credibility
- communication
what is local deterrence
deterrence to deter an attack on oneself
what is extended deterrence
deter an attack upon ally
what is the main difference between the two type of deterrence
Credibility problem, the enemy may disbelieve the intention of a state to defend its ally
what is immediate deterrence
when one state seeks to actively deter a threat from another. Immediate deterrence failure is an attack by one state on the deterring state.
what is general deterrence failure
when two states are not in confrontation because one state is so much weaker that there is no active confrontation.
what are the critics of RDT
- There is no way to tell whether one state did not attack another because it was successfully deterred or because it simply did not want to attack:
- Deterrence does not explain many important cases because it cannot explain risk-taking.
what is compellence
the threat or use of punishment to force an opponent to reverse a previously taken action.
what is peaceful compellence
the threatened use of force that causes the adversary to reverse their previous action.
what is physical compellence
the infliction of costs until the adversary reverses their previous action.
what kind of strategy is compellence
punishment strategy
what is swaggering
applies to shows of force not associated with above categories. Typically associated with establishing reputations of capability ( arms race )
