Deep Learning-based Deep Neural Networks and Applications Flashcards
What is DL/DNN?
a subfield of machine learning that involves training neural networks to learn from data and make predicitons
What fields are DNNs used in?
computer vision, NLP, speech recognition, etc
What are deep learning algorithms designed to do?
automatically learn features from raw data by stacking multiple layers of nonlinear transformations
What does the term “deep” refer to?
The number of layers which can range from a few to hundreds to thousands
What can NN based on deep learning be viewed as?
a special case of an already existing multi-layer neural network
What was the beginning of deep learning?
Neocognitron which had 7 layers
By who and when was Neocognitron developed?
Dr. Fukushina in early 1980s
What was Neocognitron used for?
handwritten japanese character recognition and pattern recognition
What did Neocognitron inspire?
CNNs (it just didn’t use backpropagation)
What did Hubel and Wiesel win the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for?
research on the visual system
What did Hubel and Wiesel discover?
feature detectors (neurons that respond selectively to lines or edges)
What kind of machine learning techniques are a majority?
SVM
When was deep learning started and why?
in 2006 because CPUs and GPUs have become able to handle more massive amounts of data quickly
How was deep learning different from existing multi-layer perceptrons (when it began)?
added pre-processing through learning, had up to 1000 hidden layers as opposed to 1 to 2
What algorithm solves the overfitting problem?
dropout algorithm
When did Hinton and his students win the Turing award for deep learning achievements?
2018
Since 2009 how has deep learning advanced?
has begun to surpass existing pattern recognition methods
What field is deep learning excelling in?
pattern recognition
What is the difference between classification methods in machine learning and deep learning?
machine learning has separate feature extraction and classification steps while deep learning does those simultaneously and automatically
What kind of data sets does deep learning learn from?
large scale data sets
When is deep learning superior to other learning models?
when there are larger data sets
What kind of operations does a CNN use?
convolutional operations
What is CNN used for?
image analysis and image recognition
How do CNNs learn?
using feature maps