Artificial Neural Networks and Applications Flashcards
What is a neural network?
a model that mimics the behavior of biological neurons in the human brain
How does a NN calculate an output?
passed input through an array of neurons
What kind of complicated problems do NN perform exceptionally well in solving?
text, voice, and image recognition, and NLP
What is a type of connectionist model that has become a mainstay of AI and cognitive science?
neural networks
Where does human intelligence begin?
with the connections between neurons
What are the three milestones in neural networks models?
Single layer perceptron, multi-layer perceptron, and DNN
Who founded the single layer perceptron model and when?
Rosenblatt in 1957
Who founded the multi-layer perceptron model and when?
Rumelhart in 1986
Who founded the DNN model and when?
Hinton in 2006
Which algorithm is a key algorithm of the single layer perceptron model?
the perceptron algorithm
Which algorithm is a key algorithm of the multi-layer perceptron model?
backpropagation algorithm
Which algorithm is a key algorithm of the DNN model?
deep learning algorithm
What is the main role common to all neural networks?
the learning function
What types of information are large-scale multimedia information?
audio and video information
True or false: Learning and recognizing data is small and easy to handle?
false
What structures comprise a neuron?
dendrites, synapses, axons, and terminals
What is the role of a neuron?
sensory organ neurons, network signaling
What are the components of a perceptron?
weights, bias, and activation functions
What is an activation function?
a function that expresses the activation/deactivation of a neuron
What are a few types of activation functions?
step-fn, sigmoid, tanh, and ReLU
Why do we use activation functions?
we need non-linear functions
What is the function of a dendrite?
receives stimuli from other neurons or surroundings and transmits impulses to cell body via electrical signals
What is a synapse?
the junction of cells where the axons of one neuron and the dendrites of the next neuron meet
What is an axon?
a branch of a neuron whose function is to transmit signals to other neurons