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U.S. Government > Declaration of Independence > Flashcards

Declaration of Independence Flashcards

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1
Q

four main purposes for having a government according to paine

A
  1. provide security against violence
  2. to uphold the laws
  3. to protect the property of individuals
  4. to punish crime
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2
Q

quote from thomas paine

A

“society in every state is a blessing, but a government even in its best state is but a necessary evil”

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3
Q

what did thomas paine believe was america’s destiny? why?

A

he believed america’s destiny was to be a free and independent colony

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4
Q

according to paine, why was great britain interested in america

A

great britain was interested in america for the economic benefit of great britain

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5
Q

who pro-war pamphlet did thomas paine publish in january 1776

A

common sense

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6
Q

what did paine argue

A

he argued that america should no longer be a colony to britain and should be an independent country

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7
Q

what happened on june 11, 1776

A

the second continental congress appointed a committee of 5 men to draft a document that declared the thirteen colonies free and independent from britain

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8
Q

what did the committee need to explain most importantly

A

the committee needed to explain why separation was the only fitting solution to the long standing disputes with parliament and the british crown

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9
Q

who were the 5 men on the committee

A

john adams, ben franklin, thomas jefferson, robert livingston, and roger sherman

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10
Q

when was the DOI document submitted to congress

A

june 28, 1776

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11
Q

who was the president of the congress

A

john hancock

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12
Q

how many signatures are on the declaration of independence

A

56 (john hancock signed first)

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13
Q

in writing the document jefferson drew together the ideas of what thinkers

A

john locke and thomas hobbes

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14
Q

what was the purpose of the declaration

A

justify the revolution by the colonists and put forth the founding principles of the new nation

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15
Q

more than any other action of the second continental congress, the declaration of independence served to make the american colonists what

A

one people - “united” to achieve independence

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16
Q

how old is the united states

A

239 years old (make sure to show math)

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17
Q

what is abdicated

A

give up the throne

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18
Q

what is annihilation

A

destruction

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19
Q

what is despotism

A

all powerful

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20
Q

what is impel

A

force someone to do something

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21
Q

what are insurrections

A

rebellion

22
Q

what is naturalization

A

process by which foreign born persons become citizens

23
Q

what is the preamble

A

statement at the beginning of the document that sets forth the purposes of the document

24
Q

what is quartering

A

housing

25
Q

what is relinquish

A

give up

26
Q

what are usurpations

A

unjust use of power

27
Q

first sentence of the declaration of independence

A

we hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

28
Q

5 significances of the declaration of independence

A
  1. birth of the united states
  2. foundation for democratic government
  3. inspiration for equality
  4. influence on the constitution
  5. impact on other revolutions
29
Q

the primary purpose of the declaration of independence was to

A

justify the revolt of the american colonists against great britain

30
Q

in writing the declaration of independence, thomas jefferson based his argument for american independence on the idea that

A

people have natural rights as human beings

31
Q

which action can be justified by the political philosophy expressed in the declaration of independence

A

a group of rebels tries to overthrow a repressive government

32
Q

according to the declaration of independence, a government’s power comes from

A

the people

33
Q

the right of the people to overthrow a tyrannical government is a main theme of which document

A

declaration of independence

34
Q

what good governments should do

A
  1. make laws that benefit the people
  2. change itself if the people want
  3. give power to people - not just a king
  4. serve people fairly
  5. give all people the right to live, be free, and seek happiness
35
Q

what did the declaration of independence do

A

declared war against england

36
Q

where did the continental congress meet

A

philadelphia

37
Q

describe what had been sent to the king

A

a petition was prepared and sent to the king requesting that no further oppressive acts be committed against colonies

38
Q

what was the name given to the militiamen surrounding boston

A

minutemen/continental army

39
Q

describe the green mountain boys victories

A

under the leadership of ethan allen, attacked and captured the british stronghold at fort ticonderoga on the route between new york and canada. from ticonderoga the green mountain boys advanced to crown point and seized it.

40
Q

what was george III’s reaction to the petition sent by the colonists

A

he refused to consider the “rebel” petition and employed 20,000 hessian troops

41
Q

what was the sentiment of the resolution by richard henry lee on june 7, 1776

A

committee supported the declaration created by lee

42
Q

what happened on july 4, 1776

A

declaration of independence was adopted during the continental congress

43
Q

what happened on august 15, 1776

A

50 members of the congress signed the document

44
Q

briefly describe the 4 parts of the document below

A
  1. preamble - described the purpose of the document
  2. declaration of natural rights - help man attain rights of all men being created equal
  3. lists of all grievances - against the king and attempts made by colonies to remain loyal
  4. formal declaration for war colonies have declared themselves free and independent states
45
Q

what did the newly independent state put themselves in

A

they put themselves in open defiance of the king of england

46
Q

who was the main author of the declaration of independence

A

thomas jefferson

47
Q

when did the second continental congress pass the declaration of independence

A

july 4, 1776

48
Q

when did fighting in the american revolution first break out

A

april 1775

49
Q

what kind of rights are listed in DOI

A

unalienable rights

50
Q

what is the purpose of government

A

serve its people

51
Q

According to the declaration, what powers belong to the United States “as free and independent states”?

A

they have the full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do

52
Q

From what source do governments derive their “just powers”

A

deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed

U.S. Government (12 decks)

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