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U.S. Government > 3 Branches of Government and Articles of Constitution > Flashcards

3 Branches of Government and Articles of Constitution Flashcards

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1
Q

(Article 1) The power to _____________ is given to a ____________ made up of two chambers to represent different interests: a ___________ to represent the states; a ____________ to be more responsive to the people’s will

A

make laws, legislature, upper house (senate), lower house (HOR)

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2
Q

(Article 1) The US Congress is _______ - divided into 2 chambers or houses

A

bicameral

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3
Q

(Article 1) ______________ - “lower” house

A

House of Representatives

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4
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications for House of Representatives (age)

A

at least 25 years of age

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5
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications for HOR (citizen)

A

citizen for at least 7 years

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6
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR (living location)

A

live in the state he/she represents

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7
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - representation is based on: __________

A

population

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8
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - term of office

A

2 year terms

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9
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - election process

A

directly elected by the people

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10
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - the number of representatives was set at __________ in 1929. The number is still ________ today

A

435

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11
Q

(Article 1) Qualifications of HOR - the __________ of the House is responsible for choosing the heads of various house committees

A

speaker

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12
Q

what is impeachment

A

two step process formally removing president from office

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13
Q

(Article 1) ____________ - “upper” house

A

senate

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14
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (age)

A

at least 30 years of age

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15
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (citizen)

A

citizen for at least 9 years

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16
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate (living location)

A

must live in the state he/she represents

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17
Q

(Article 1) qualifications for senate - representation is ________ - 2 senators for each state

A

equal

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18
Q

(article 1) qualifications for senate - term of office

A

6 years

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19
Q

there are a total of ______ senators (2 from each state)

A

100

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20
Q

(article 1) qualifications for senate - election process

A

serve 6 year terms in office

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21
Q

the vice president’s only duty listed in the constitution is to preside over the _______

A

senate

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22
Q

the senate elects its other officers, including the presiding officer: ________ who serves when the vice president is absent

A

president pro tempore

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23
Q

the ____ amendment changed the way senators are selected

A

17

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24
Q

senators are now _________ elected by the people

A

directly

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25
Q

all bills must originate in the __________

A

HOR

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26
Q

a bill - __________ - becomes a law by passing through both houses of congress of congress and being signed by the _________

A

a proposal, president

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27
Q

in 1845, election day was set at ________________

A

tuesday after the first monday in november

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28
Q

the 20th amendment, changed the date of congressional opening to _________

A

january 3

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29
Q

what is a quorum

A

one more than half the members of congress

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30
Q

what is revenue

A

government money from taxes

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31
Q

what is a veto

A

president doesn’t approve/ says no to proposed law

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32
Q

what is a pocket veto

A

president never signs or vetoes/ignores the law

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33
Q

5 powers delegated to congress

A
  1. taxation
  2. commerce (trade)
  3. borrowing
  4. courts
  5. post office
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34
Q

3 powers denied to the federal government

A
  1. slave trade
  2. direct taxes
  3. titles of nobility and gifts
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35
Q

what is article 2

A

executive branch - the presidency

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36
Q

(article 2) gives the power to the president to __________

A

enforce/carry out laws

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37
Q

what are the 3 parts of the executive branch

A
  1. presidency (selected by electoral college)
  2. vice-presidency (also selected on the same ticket)
  3. cabinet (appointed by the president)
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38
Q

what is the term of office for president

A

4 years

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39
Q

the constitutional convention had trouble deciding how the president was to be chosen. the system agreed upon _________ election by electors

A

indirect

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40
Q

what is the electoral college system

A

group of citizens who select the president. the number of electors is equal to the total number of senators (100) + total number of representatives (435) + 3 for DC

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41
Q

date of elections

A

tuesday after the first Monday in november

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42
Q

2 presidential qualifications

A
  1. must be 35 years of age

2. must be a natural born citizen

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43
Q

(article 2) vacancies. if the president ______, ____________ or is ___________ or is unable to _____________ the __________ becomes the president

A

dies, resigns, impeached, fulfill his duties as president, vice president

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44
Q

the presidential oath of office is usually administered by the

A

chief justice

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45
Q

2 powers of the president

A
  1. makes treaties with other countries and appoints people

2. makes temporary appointments

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46
Q

3 reasons why a president can be impeached

A
  1. treason
  2. bribery
  3. high crimes and misdemeanors
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47
Q

impeachment is _________. the house of representatives formally “_______” the president and the senate formally “________.” both houses must vote in favor of impeachment for a president to be _______ from office

A

removal office, accuses, convicts, removed

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48
Q

what is article 3

A

judicial branch - us supreme court

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49
Q

the constitution sets up not only the supreme court but also the _________

A

lower courts

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50
Q

there are currently __ justices of the supreme court. leader = _______

A

9, chief justice

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51
Q

the supreme court 2 types of jurisdiction

A
  1. original jurisdiction - location or court where initial case takes place
  2. appellate jurisdiction - court at which cases that are appealed are held
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52
Q

most supreme court cases are heard on _____ from lower courts

A

appeal

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53
Q

______ is the highest court in the land

A

supreme court

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54
Q

supreme court makes the _______ in all cases that it hears

A

final decision

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55
Q

congress also has the power to set up a system of ____________

A

lower federal courts

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56
Q

justices serve_____ terms

A

life

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57
Q

holds office for life

A

judicial

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58
Q

serves as commander in chief of the air force, army, marines, and navy

A

executive

59
Q

elected to a two year term

A

house of representatives

60
Q

can override a veto

A

legislative (house and senate)

61
Q

appoints ambassadors to other foreign nations

A

executive

62
Q

only two from each state

A

senate

63
Q

can overrule a lower court

A

judicial

64
Q

delivers the annual state of the union address

A

executive

65
Q

can make laws relating to gun control

A

legislative (house and senate)

66
Q

elected to a four year term

A

executive

67
Q

can lower the federal income tax

A

legislative (house and senate)

68
Q

can declare war

A

legislative (house and senate)

69
Q

must be at least 35 years of age

A

executive

70
Q

can veto a bill

A

executive

71
Q

can formally accuse the president of treason, bribery, or other high crimes

A

house of representatives

72
Q

trial by jury

A

judicial

73
Q

hears cases relating to the us constitution

A

judicial

74
Q

has power to make treaties on the condition of senate approval

A

executive

75
Q

settles disputes between states

A

judicial

76
Q

can convict a president of treason, bribery, or other high crimes

A

senate

77
Q

3 branches of government

A

legislative, executive, judicial

78
Q

makes laws

A

legislature

79
Q

execute laws

A

executive

80
Q

interpret laws

A

judicial

81
Q

leader title of the upper house (Senate)

A

vice presidency/president pro tempore

82
Q

leader of the lower house (house of representatives)

A

speaker of the house

83
Q

leader of the executive branch

A

president

84
Q

leader of the judicial branch

A

chief justice

85
Q

number of senates

A

2 per state

86
Q

number of representatives

A

435

87
Q

number of cabinet officials

A

15

88
Q

number of justices

A

9

89
Q

election/appointment for senate

A

direct election

90
Q

election/appointment for house of representatives

A

direct election

91
Q

election/appointment for president

A

electoral college

92
Q

election/appointment for cabinet officials

A

appointed by the president with congressional approval

93
Q

election/appointment for justices

A

appointed by the president, confirmed by the senate

94
Q

age requirement for cabinet officials

A

no age requirement

95
Q

age requirement for justices

A

no age requirement

96
Q

term of office for cabinet officials

A

no term of office (tends to change with political party)

97
Q

what is the title of a supreme court judge

A

justice

98
Q

what is the highest court in the land

A

supreme court

99
Q

how does one get to be a member of the cabinet

A

president

100
Q

remove judges from office

A

L over J

101
Q

veto bills

A

E over L

102
Q

appoint judges

A

E over J

103
Q

override veto

A

L over E

104
Q

call special sessions

A

E over L

105
Q

control appropriations

A

L over E

106
Q

fail to enforce a court order

A

E over J

107
Q

declare a law unconstitutional

A

J over L

108
Q

grant a reprieve

A

E over J

109
Q

replace some existing courts

A

L over J

110
Q

set free a person being held by the FBI

A

E over J

111
Q

propose an amendment

A

E over L

112
Q

confirm appointments

A

L over E

113
Q

ratify treaties

A

L over E

114
Q

declare the president’s actions unconstitutional

A

J over E

115
Q

preamble

A

statement at the beginning of an official document

116
Q

legislative

A

having to do with law making

117
Q

term of office

A

the limited amount of time an elected official serves

118
Q

electors

A

political party members from a state that formally elects the president

119
Q

vacancy

A

an open seat in the house of congress

120
Q

quorum

A

the minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action

121
Q

congressional record

A

official statements published daily by the government printing office (meeting minutes of congress)

122
Q

adjourn

A

to formally end a meeting; dismiss

123
Q

immunity

A

freedom from persecution

124
Q

revenue

A

money raised by the government through taxes

125
Q

veto

A

rejection of a proposed law

126
Q

pocket veto

A

a bill on the desk of the president for 10 days that has not been signed

127
Q

bill

A

proposed law

128
Q

commerce

A

trade

129
Q

naturalization

A

the legal process by which a person is granted citizenship

130
Q

copyrights

A

formal document that protects an author’s words; give the author an exclusive right to the words for a specific period of time

131
Q

patents

A

formal document that permits an inventor to manufacture and sell the product for a specific amount of time

132
Q

militia

A

citizens trained as soldiers; national guard

133
Q

appropriation

A

official approval by govt spending

134
Q

titles of nobility

A

formal declaration of status such as duke, duchess, and earl

135
Q

executive

A

having to do with the enforcement of laws

136
Q

oath of office

A

official affirmation of dedication to a public office

137
Q

judicial

A

having to do with the interpretation of laws

138
Q

common law

A

laws made by judges in process of resolving individual cases

139
Q

statute law

A

laws that are written down or formally on record

140
Q

original jurisdiction

A

the authority of a trial court (court that originally heard a case)

141
Q

appellate jurisdiction

A

the authority of a court to hear a case that is appealed by a lower court (a higher court can hear a case on appeal from a lower court)

142
Q

extradition

A

an “accused” person is returned to state where crime occurred

143
Q

amendments

A

changes or additions to the constitution

144
Q

supremacy clause

A

established the constitution as the highest law of the US

U.S. Government (12 decks)

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