deck 7 Flashcards
when looking under the microscope and seeing cellular variability, necrosis, destructive invasion, and desmoplasia, what pathological process is going on?
Malignant neoplasia formation
what is desmoplasia?
The growth of fibrous or connective tissue
T/F desmoplasia often causes puckering of tissue inward such as in the lung?
TRUE
What does it mean when you see persistent ulcerations of a cervical growth?
It means that it is malignant.
If you have desmoplasia of the bowel, what will it look/feel like?
Fibrous and rock hard
Malignant neoplasms have 4 generalizations which are?
1) variable differentiation
2) Variable growth rate
3) Destructive invasion4) capable of metastasis
what is anaplasia?
lack of differentiation
what is hyperchromasia?
dark nucleus (usually because of high mitotic activity)
what is pleomorphism?
cells of variable shape and size
With malignancy do you expect to see a high or low nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio?
High
You have a sample of tissue and you see that it has a keratin pearl. What type of cancer is it, and is it well differentiated?
Squamous cell carcinoma Since you can see keratin, it is still well differentiated.
You find a tissue that is clearly cancerous, and the cells are anaplastic. How can you tell which type of cells they are?
Mainly by immunohistochemistry. The main point here is that you cannot tell by looking at them because they no longer resemble the patent tissue type.
T/F By just looking at a tissue specifically at the cell nuclei, you can tell that something is cancerous?
True, but you have to be really good. There are other clues like invasiveness and pleomorphism that can help us decide.
T/F If you see a bunch of cells undergoing mitosis at the same time it means that it is cancer?
False, you have to further analyze the tissue. Many tissue types divide frequently.
You can often see desmosomes that persist between epithelial cells of cancers. What are these called when you see them in a cancerous setting?
Inter cellular bridges.
Carcinomas come from?
epithelial origin
Sarcomas come from?
mesenchymal origin
Leukemias come from?
Blood origin
Lymphomas come from?
Lymph nodes
Is it better to have differentiated or anaplastic cells within a tumor?
Differentiated. Those cells that are anaplastic are generally the more invasive type cell. They have more of the stem cell activity.
What does tumor mean?
swelling but current use implies neoplasia
what is a mass?
space occupying lesion.