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1 Path Unit > 3 > Flashcards

3 Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of cell death is due to irreversible cell injury?

A

necrosis

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2
Q

T-F–apoptosis occurs during programmed cell death in proliferating tissues, but is not a response to specific types of injury?

A

False—virus, t-cell killing, radiation are specific types of injury that where apoptosis occurs

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3
Q

What is type II programmed cell death? What is the main component of this?

A

Autophagy

-lysosomal digestion of the cells own components

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4
Q

What type of cell death-non-physiologic?

A

necrosis

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5
Q

What type of cell death-non-physiologic and physiologic?

A

apoptosis

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6
Q

What type of cell death-no gene transcription of protein synthesis?

A

necrosis

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7
Q

What type of cell death-highly regulated?

A

apoptosis

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8
Q

What type of cell death-no energy required?

A

necrosis

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9
Q

What type of cell death-energy dependent?

A

apoptosis

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10
Q

What type of cell death-random chromatin cleavage?

A

necorsis

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11
Q

What type of cell death-endonuclease cleavage of chromatin (DNA ladder)?

A

apoptosis

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12
Q

What type of cell death-lysosomes stay intact?

A

apoptosis

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13
Q

What type of cell death-cell membrane leakage?

A

necrosis

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14
Q

What type of cell death-death of individual cells?

A

apoptosis

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15
Q

What type of cell death-karyolysis and karyorrhexis?

A

necrosis

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16
Q

What is karyolysis?

A

loss of basophilic nuclear staining due to complete dissolution of the chromatin matter due to DNAase

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17
Q

What is karyorrhexis?

A

nuclear fragmentation

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18
Q

What type of cell death-cell organelles preserved?

A

apoptosis and irregular chromatin distribution throughout cytoplasm.

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19
Q

What type of cell death-cell swelling?

A

necrosis

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20
Q

What type of cell death-cell shrinkage?

A

apoptosis

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21
Q

What type of cell death-eosinophilia?

A

necrosis

22
Q

What type of cell death-phagocytosis by adjacent cells?

A

apoptosis

23
Q

What type of cell death-inflammatory response?

A

necrosis

24
Q

what is irreversible condensation of chromatin in the nucleus of a cell?

A

pyknosis

25
Q

What the of necrosis-injury and acidification denatures proteins, but there is preservation of cell outlines and tissue structure?

A

coagulative necrosis

26
Q

What type of necrosis-heterolysis, catalytic enzymes, no cell outlines?

A

liquefactive

27
Q

What type of necrosis- cheesy white appearance?

A

caseous necrosis

28
Q

What does fatty acids complex with in enzymatic fat necrosis?

A

calcium-saponification

29
Q

How much of our neurons die during development due to apoptosis?

A

50%

30
Q

T-F—necrosis is the method for destroying self reactive lymphoid cells>

A

false…apoptosis

31
Q

What gene/proteins does apoptosis require?

A

Bax and/or Bak

32
Q

What type of cell death-emphasis is placed on limiting injury?

A

necrosis

33
Q

What type of cell death-genetic biochemical pathway that can be pharmacologically manipulated?

A

apoptosis

34
Q

What type of disease do we want to promote apoptosis?

A

cancer

35
Q

what type of disease do we want to inhibit apoptosis?

A

neurodegeneration/ischemia

36
Q

Is p53 a pro-oncogene?

A

no it is a tumor suppressor

37
Q

T-F—viruses can block apoptosis?

A

True

38
Q

What is the main convergence in pathways during apoptosis?

A

caspase 3-executioner caspases

[he also has 7 listed but doesn’t seem to think its that big of a deal like 3]

39
Q

What type of cell death-condensed nuclear staining is spread randomly throughout the tissue?

A

apoptosis [punctate basophilic nuclei will be spread sporadically in the tissue

40
Q

extrinsic vs intrinsic apoptosis- mitochondrial permeabilization?

A

intrinsic

41
Q

What protein family controls intrinsic permeabilization?

A

Bcl-2

42
Q

Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic apoptosis-Fas, TNF, Trail?

A

Extrinsic—ligands bind to surface receptors

43
Q

How does Bax/Bak work?

A

forma pore that releases Cytochrome C from the inner-membrane—Bcl-2 typically blocks formation of this pore

44
Q

What pathway is defective in patients with autoimmune lymph proliferative syndrome?

A

defects in extrinsic apoptosis [FAS specifically]

—>increased lymphocyte survival

45
Q

What protein is the main study for enhanced apoptosis?

A

Bcl-2 antagonists

46
Q

T-F—defects in autophagy may lead to cancer?

A

True

47
Q

T-F—their is an interest in activating autophagy in neurodegenerative disease?

A

true–increase removal of misfiled proteins or damaged mitochondria

48
Q

Where does the pink1 protein accumulate normally?

A

inter membrane space of mitoch.

49
Q

Where does pink1 accumulate following loss of mitoch transmembrane potential?

A

outer mitoch. membrane

50
Q

What does pink1 in the wrong place cause?

A

recruitment of parkin, mitophagy

51
Q

What disease is associated with pink1/parkin defects?

A

parkinsons

1 Path Unit (16 decks)

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