Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

1 Path Unit > 16 Vasculitis > Flashcards

16 Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

Giant Cell (Temporal) arteritis affects what group most commonly?

A

Over 50. Especially Northern Europeans.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Giant Cell (Temporal) arteritis affects which arteries? (4)

A

temporal, vertebral, ophthalmic, aorta[group as mostly “arteries of the head”]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F temporal arteritis can cause permanent blindness?

A

T. (ophthalmic artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Suspected etiology/pathogenesis temporal arteritis?

A

Unknown. Suspected: immune rxn against arterial wall protein, probably T-cell mediated (granulomatous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Symptoms of temporal arteritis?

A

fever, fatigue, weight loss, abrupt diplopia or vision loss[note most are non-specific]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment temporal arteritis?

A

high-does anti-inflammatories (steroids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risk factors: Takayasu arteritis? (2)

A

-female under 40 (8:1, f:m)-HLA -A24, B52, DR2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Incidence: Takayasu arteritis? (2)

A

-US: 1/1000-Asia: 6/1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Giant Cell (Takayasu) arteritis: affects what body parts? (3) How?

A

-Ascending aorta “Pulseless disease”-Can also involve pulmonary & renal arteries-Fibrosis of artery wall ->stenosis-> occlusion->dilation-> aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Giant cell (Takaysu) arteritis: signs early & late phases?

A

-Early: fever, arthalgias, weight loss, “prepulseless”-Late: “Pulseless”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Type 1 Takayasu Arteritis is?

A

branchiocephalic trunk, carotid arteries & subclavian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Type 2 Takayasu Arteritis is?

A

combined Type 1 & Type 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Type 3 Takayasu Arteritis is?

A

“atypical coarctation type” involves thoracic & abdominal aorta (most common!!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Type 4 Takayasu Arteritis is?

A

“Dilated type”, dilation of aorta & its major branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Takayasu arteritis: treatment? (2)

A

-steroids-angioplasty (after acute phase)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease): Risk factors? (3)

A

-Japan or Near East descent-Smoking-HLA-A9, HLA-B5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thromboangitis obliterans: etiology, pathogenesis? (3)

A

-Endothelial damage-Hypersensitivity to tobacco extract-Result: acute & chronic vasculitis of medium & small arteries, esp radial & tibial. -> Ulceration of fingers & toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Thromboangitis obliterans: treatment?

A

Quit smoking!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis (Granulomatosis with polyangitis): risk factors?

A

-Any age, sex, race, but mostly whites w/ slightly more males-Age 41 median onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis (Granulomatosis with polyangitis): etiology, pathogenesis? (4)

A
  • Unknown. Suspected: Hypersensitivity rxn initially
  • Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis
  • Focal segmental glomerular nephritis
  • Necrotizing vasculitis of median & small vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Kawasaki’s/Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: risk factors? (2)

A
  • Under 4 yrs

- USA or Japan [#1 ACQUIRED hearts disease in these countries]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Kawasaki’s/Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: pathogenesis?

A

-anti-endothelial, anti-smooth muscle Ab’s, and T-cell attack ->coronary artery vasculitis-> Possible MI, rupture, ectasia, or thrombosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Kawasaki’s/Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: etiology

A

possibly viral infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Kawasaki’s/Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: symptoms?

A

fever, rash, swollen hands/feet w/ desquamation, red eyes, swollen neck lymph nodes, strawberry tongue/mouth/throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Kawasaki's/Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: treatment?
aspirin, IVIG
26
Polyarteritis Nodosa: What does it affect? (3)
- small-medium vessels - May involve any organ. Commonly skin, joints, peripheral nerves, GI, kidney - Often with Hepatitis B
27
Polyarteritis Nodosa: pathogenesis? (4)
- panmural necrotizing arteritis with fibrinoid necrosis! esp. at branch pt (either circumferential or segmental) - mixed cell infiltrate - aneurysmal dilatation - heal w/ fibrosis
28
Polyarteritis Nodosa: diagnosis? (2)
- angiography or histology | - ANCA 80% positive, equally distributed c and p forms
29
Polyarteritis Nodosa: treatment/prognosis?
- glucocorticoids | - half die in 5 yrs, most in first year
30
which CAN have granulomas: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
Poly nodosa
31
which has medium and small vessels: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
poly nodosa (MICROSCOPIC polyangitis has only SMALL)
32
Which has glomerulonephritis: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
microscopic polyangitis
33
Which has pulmonary hemorrhage: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
microscopic polyangitis
34
Which has relapses frequently? polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
microscopic polyangitis
35
Which has abnormal angiography: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
poly nodosa
36
Which has renal vasculitis w/ renal hypertension & infarcts: polyarteritis nodosa or microscopic polyangitis?
poly nodosa | [note: micro polyangitis had glomerulonephritis!]
37
Wegener's granulomatosis (Granulomatosis with polyangitis): manifestations? (3)
- sinusitis, nasal obstruction, otitis media, hearing loss, skin rash, fever, arthralgia, weight loss - lung involvement: 45% at presentation ->85% in all. Pulm nodules, hemoptosis, pleuritis - 80% glomerulonephritis
38
Wegener's granulomatosis (Granulomatosis with polyangitis): diagnosis? (5)
- Lung biopsy - Vessels w/ fibrinoid necrosis + PMN's - renal biopsy - gingival biopsy - ANCA: 90% c and 10% p
39
Wegener's granulomatosis (Granulomatosis with polyangitis): treatment & prognosis? (2)
- cyclophosphamide (chemotherapy) | - remission partial in 90%, full in 75%, 1/2 relapse in 3 yrs
40
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis a.k.a. allergic angitis a.k.a. granulomatosis a.k.a. Churg Strauss: risk factors? (1)
-25-69 yrs, median 38-50
41
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis a.k.a. allergic angitis a.k.a. granulomatosis a.k.a. Churg Strauss: pathogenesis? (3)
- vascular & extravascular granulomatous inflammation - allergic rhinitis, severe asthma, multiple organs - hypereosinophilia
42
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis a.k.a. allergic angitis a.k.a. granulomatosis a.k.a. Churg Strauss: clinical course? (3)
Phases: - Prodromal: allergic respiratory disease - Eosinophilic: peripheral blood & tissue eosinophilia - Vasculitic
43
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis a.k.a. allergic angitis a.k.a. granulomatosis a.k.a. Churg Strauss: diagnosis?
-ANCA 70-80% positive, usually P & anti-MPO
44
Behcet's Disease: risk factors?
-middle east, japan, china "silk route"
45
Behcet's Disease: Manifestations? (6)
- All artery types - aphthous ulcers in mouth - pustular lesions on skin & scarring erythema nodosum - scrotal, vulvar ulcers - uveitis - lung aneurysms
46
Behcet's Disease: diagnosis?
pathergy test (sterile pin evokes allergic rxn!)
47
Behcet's Disease: treatment? (2)
immunosuppression, thalidomide
48
Primary CNS Vasculitis: what's the only type that gets better over time?
BACNS (benign angiopathy of the CNS)
49
Primary CNS Vasculitis: risk factors?
4:3 female to male. BACNS typically is in young women.
50
Primary CNS Vasculitis: symptoms? (8)
- headache - organic brain syndrome - multifocal neurologic deficits - seizures - strokes - confusion - memory loss - altered consciousness
51
Primary CNS Vasculitis: etiology?
maybe coffee, nicotine, or contraceptives, unknown really.
52
Primary CNS Vasculitis: diagnosis?
- angiography or MRI (still not certain) | - Brain and meningeal biopsy (25% false negatives still)
53
Primary CNS Vasculitis: treatment?
massive immunosuppression. Usually fatal within 45 days.
54
BCANS (benign angiopathy of the CNS) subset of CNS vasculitis: treatment?
Ca channel blockers, short course steroids, get better!
55
Raynaud's phenomena classic risk factors?
woman in cold climate w/ emotional stress, age 20-40, with a cigarette in one hand, a bottle of alcohol in the other hand, and munching on an estrogen replacement pill in her mouth.
56
Raynaud's phenomena color change?
white, blue, red | [no blood, vessels dilate to keep blood, flow returns]
57
Raynaud's phenomena has what causes? (2)
- Primary, less severe & bilateral | - Secondary: not bilateral, associated w/ connective tissue disorder
58
Raynaud's phenomena treatment?
eliminate the risk factors, and give sympathetic nerve blockers
59
Raynaud Syndrome etiology & pathogenesis?
cryoglobulins occlude vessels @ low temp ->purpuric lesions
60
Raynaud Syndrome risk factors? (3)
- collagen vascular diseases (SLE, R.A., Scleroderma) - infectious disease - hematologic disorders
61
Raynaud Syndrome treatment?
keep warm, treat underlying disease

1 Path Unit (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions