Deck 5 (Week 6) Flashcards
Diabetes & Insulin Resistance
What is Metabolic Syndrome X?
A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and stroke.
Define Insulin Resistance.
When your body cells don’t respond well to insulin and is difficult to extract glucose from your blood.
Can result in heightened blood sugar levels!
What is Type 1 diabetes and list 3 risk factors.
An autoimmune response where the immune system attacks the cells that produce insulin in your liver.
Risk factors include family history, age and genetics.
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
Your body makes less insulin and becomes insulin resistant.
What are common symptoms for those with Type 2 Diabetes?
Hyperlipidemia (Triglycerides), Hyperglycemia (Glucose), Hypertension, Low HDL count, High LDL count
Strong relationship with high adipose tissue.
In %, how often is Obesity a playing factor for those with Type 2 Diabetes?
Found in 80% of Type 2 Diabetes cases.
What is Polydipsia?
Increased Thirst.
What is Polyuria?
More frequent urination.
What is Glycosuria?
Elevated glucose concentration in the urine.
Describe McArdles Disease
A genetic disorder that affects skeletal musculature.
Increases exercise intolerance, muscle cramping, muscle pain, muscle stiffness and fatigue.
Explain how Insulin and Glucose work with cells.
- Insulin first gets detected by Insulin Receptors
- This then unlocks the Glucose channels
- Glucose then enters the cells!
What are the THREE main ways we can treat Diabetes & Insulin Resistance?
Medication, Exercise and Diet.
When do Type 1 Diabetes patients inject insulin?
Prior to eating.
How does exercise improve outcomes for Diabetes Type 2 clients?
Increases insulin-dependent glucose transport & glycogen storage
Increases both oxidative capacity & capillary density!
Is exercise a viable option for both prevention and management of Type 2 Diabetes?
Most definitely !!!
What is Hypoglycemia and how could this play a factor in terms of safety for Type 1 Diabetes patients?
Hypo (LOW)
Glycemia (Presence in blood)
This can cause dizziness, confusion, lower coordination, shakiness.
What mode of exercise would therefore be appropriate for Type 1 Diabetes clientele?
Low-intensity AEROBIC exercise is the safest form of movement.
Safer to avoid heavy resistance training PARTICULARLY if there is Microvascular Disease
How often and intensely should Type 2 Diabetes patients be training at?
Around 3-4x a week
50-80% of VO2max
30-60 mins per session
How many times a week can Type 2 Diabetes patients do resistance training?
2/3 days a week is fine BUT not on consecutive days.
For cardiorespiratory training, how long roughly should patients with Diabetes be training at?
150-300min/wk of low/moderate intensity
OR
75-150min/wk if cleared by health specialists.
