Deck 5

Question 1

Haemolytic crisis in sheep

Answer 1

copper poisoning

Question 2

Poisoning with urea - amount in milk

Answer 2

> 12 mmol/L

Question 3

Mechanism of action by heavy metals

Answer 3

Combining one or more reactive groups of enzymes that are essential for normal physiological functions - SH groups, which are essential for certain enzymes activity

Question 4

What are desiccants?

Answer 4

herbicides that dry green parts of plant before harvest

Question 5

Mycotoxin with estrogen-like action

Answer 5

Zearalenone

Question 6

Nicotine belongs to the group of

Answer 6

Natural insecticides

Question 7

What is antagonism?

Answer 7

An attenuation or complete elimination of the effect of one poison by another poison

Question 8

Treatment of urea poisoning

Answer 8

acetic acid or hydrochloric acid

Question 9

Fluoracetates are converted to

Answer 9

fluorocitrate, which blocks the tricarboxylic acid cycle (by inhibition of enzyme aconitase)

Question 10

Ethiology of poisoning in domestic and wildlife animals

Answer 10

Pesticides
Fertilizers
Food additives
Industrial emissions
Waste water
Mycotoxins
Alkaloids and glycosides
Poisons of animal origin
Radiotoxins

Question 11

The most important types of toxic substances

Answer 11

Drugs
Additives
Pesticides
Industrial chemicals
Environmental pollutants
Natural toxins and household toxins

Question 12

Synergism is

Answer 12

an amplification of the joint action of two or more toxins having the same biological effect

Question 13

What is toxicokinetics

Answer 13

the study of changes in a poison or its metabolites in the body from the time it enters until it is fully eliminated

Question 14

The disposition of a toxic compound in a biological system may be divided into

Answer 14

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

Question 15

Some chemicals are metabolized into more toxic compounds, this is called

Answer 15

biotoxification

Question 16

Pathological derivatives of hemoglobin are

Answer 16

Methemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin
Cyanhemoglobin
Methemoglobin cyanide
Sulphemoglobin

Question 17

Carbon monoxide affinity to Hb

Answer 17

300 times more than oxygen

Question 18

Utilization and fate of ammonia in animal organism

Answer 18

Urea is degraded in rumen –> urease and ammonia rise.
Urea –> CO2 + 2NH3 (urease + H2O)
Ammonia is used as source of nitrogen –> AAs, protein.
Ammonia –> liver –> non-essential AAs, urea and glutamine.

Question 19

Which is more toxic - As3+ or As5+?

Answer 19

As3+

Question 20

Selenium poisoning can be divided into 3 groups:

Answer 20

1. Acute
2. Subacute
3. Chronic

Question 21

Mechanism of antimony

Answer 21

Similar to arsenic.
Antiparasitic effect: inhibition of phosphofructokinase –> slows glycolysis –> disturbe energy metabolism of the parasites.

Question 22

What are phenols used for in agriculture?

Answer 22

fungicides

Question 23

What does lead inhibit?

Answer 23

Protoporfirins synthesis

Question 24

How is poison in the organism converted?

Answer 24

Biochemically active substances.
They interact with chemicals and enzymes present in the body to become more complex, simply or moderately altered.

Question 25

What animal is sensitive to molybdenum?

Answer 25

Cattle

Question 26

Packaging CHTA

Answer 26

1. Consider every chemical as infectious
2. Preserve by cooling (not chemicals)
3. Avoid contamination
4. Divide samples into equal portions
5. Pack each sample separately into plastic bags
6. Label samples in several places
7. Put into mobile refrigerator/wooden box with lid

Question 27

What are the derivatives of aldehyde?

Answer 27

Acetylaldehyde
Metaldehyde
Formaldehyde

Question 28

How do we determine NO3, NO2 and NaCl?

Answer 28

water extract

Question 29

How long does carbomate serin persist:

Answer 29

1 year

Question 30

Antidote for selenium

Answer 30

small amounts of arsenic compounds in water