Deck 2 Flashcards
Two groups of insecticides of which mechanism of action is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase
Organophosphate and carbamate aldicarb
Normal concentration of urea in milk is
2-7 mmol/L
PCB are determined by
Gas chromatography
Advantage of pyretroids
- Human and environmental safety
- High efficiancy - fastest knockdown
- Multi crop - 3000 crops
- Novel node of action - Na+ channel
- Cost effective - 2-5 euro / hectar
- Low dose - 5-15g active ingredient / hectar
- Broad spectrum - chewing and sucking
ANTU is used as
rodenticide
Symptoms of organophosphate intoxication (groups), effect on nervous system
GIT - hypersalivation, abdominal spasms, diarrhea
Respiratory - bronchoconstriction, pulmonary edema, dyspnoea
Heart - bradycardia
Eye - miosis (excessive constriction of pupil)
Effect on nervous system
* Muscarinic - overstimulation of parasympathetic nervous system
* Nicotinic - ganglionic and myoneural junction stimulation (muscle fasciculation & weakness)
* CNS - nervousness, ataxia, apprehension, seizures, depression and convolution
Anticoccidicum monensin is determined by
TLC
Dinitrophenols act by
Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation
Agents of methemoglobinaemia
Direct acting agents - nitrites, oxidase of nitrogen, potassium fericyanide, sodium chlorate, quinones, methylene-blue in large doses
Indirectly acting agents - aromatic nitro compounds and aromatic amino compounds
Mechanism of action, typical clinical symptoms and therapy of Zn3P2 intoxication
- rodenticide
Mechanism: acts in the acid environment of stomach or in contact with water. PH3 is released –> hydrogen phosphide poisoning
Clinical symptoms: abdominal pain, gas (tymphani of GIT), apathy, rigidity, vomiting, staggered moving, spasms and death (at high concentration)
Therapy: immediately after - gastric lavage, solution of copper sulphate or potassium permanganate
The characteristic clinical signs of DNOC poisoning
Ethiology: insecticide, herbicide and fungicide
Symptoms:
Yellow mucus membranes, skin and feathers. Hyperpnoea, dyspnoea, sweating, oliguria, muscle weakness, increased body temperature, spasms, rapid rigor mortis after death
The principal constituent of opium (10%) is
morphine
Treatment of urea intoxication includes the administration of
acetic acid, vinegar and hydrochloric acid
Ergotism is
a disease of farm animals that results from continuous ingestion of parasitic fungus - claviceps purpurea
Herbicide sodium chlorate causes when absorbed:
production of methemoglobin
Methylene blue dose …(?)
1-2 mg/kg
Salt poisoning causes
disturbance of Na+ and water balance
Amygdalin is
cyanogenic glycoside
Thalium has been used as
rodenticide
ANTU acts by
increasing permeability of lung capillaries and causes pulmonary edema
Division of glycosides
Cardiac
Cyanogenic
Sulphur and cyanide create
Rodenticides
Antidote for zinc poisoning
Potassium permanganate
EDTA
What is atropine
An alkaloid, which depresses the heart and CNS
Characteristics of glycosides
Effect on heart and CNS
What is the action of substances disturbing oxidative phosphorylation?
They disturb cellular respiration and energy supply
Polarography characteristics
Qualitative and quantitative determination of Cl-, NO3-, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd
Pithomyces chartarum belongs to
Mycotoxins and causes facial eczema
Elements of exposure
Acute exposure - accidental or occupational
Chronic exposure - intentional, occupational or environmental
Influenze of chlorine
Bleaching and antiseptic effect
