Deck 1

Question 1

What causes hyperkalemia? (3 points)

Answer 1

• increase intake by diet
• decrease excretion of K by kidneys
• redistribution of K from ICF to ECF, in acidosis tissue necrosis , hemolysis, hyperosmolality or insulin deficiency

Question 2

What is malignant hyperthermia? (check lectures)

Answer 2

• fetal stress syndrome which occurs in susceptible pigs within 3 mins following the inhalation of mixture of halothane & oxygen or by administration succinvicholine.
• susceptible pigs develop limb rigidity & hyperthermia, that may result in death

Question 3

What is exudates & what is are the benefits? (4 points)

Answer 3

• movement of fluid containing plasma protein, plasma content -RBC, from vessels into interstitial space
  BENEFITS: - dilution of toxins can reduce further damage of tissue
• increased pain caused by swelling limits the use of the affected part –> prevent additional injury
• presence of AB’s at injury site. They can act against disease-causing microorganisms
• content of protein which foster the phagocytosis of microorganisms & cellular debris

Question 4

What are the 4 mechanisms of edema?

Answer 4

1. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
2. increased capillary permeability
3. decreased plasma oncotic pressure
4. lymphatic obstruction

Question 5

What are 4 stages of local inflammatory response ?

Answer 5

• alteration
• realising & activation of mediators inflammation
• formation of exudation & cellular migration
• cellular proliferation & repair of damage tissue (healing)